Pharm Block One

Front 1

What are the two classifications of Sympathomimetics? Describe them

Back 1

1. Direct- works directly with the receptors

2. Indirect- Dependant on the release of Catecholamines

Front 2

What are the 2 type of Indirect Sympathomimetic drugs

Back 2

1. They diplace the Catecholamines from the free nerve endings

2. Inhibit their reuptake so they can stay in the synapse longer.

Front 3

What are some examples of Indirect Sympathomimetic drugs that diplace Catecholamines?

Back 3

Amphetamine and Tyramine

Front 4

What are some examples of indirect Sympathomimetics that inhibit the reuptake of Catecholamines?

Back 4

Cocaine and Tricyclic Antidepressants

Front 5

What is the relationship between Side groups and selectivity of Catecholamines?

Back 5

The larger the group the more selective it is! w

Front 6

Which Catecholamine is the most selective?

Back 6

Isoproterenol

Front 7

Which adrenoreceptor increases Arterial Resitance and BP?

Back 7

Alpha 1

Front 8

Which Adrenoreceptor promotes smooth muslce relacation and decreases Arterial resistance?

Back 8

Beta 1?

Front 9

The skin and Splancchine vessels have predominatly what type of receptors?

What do they do in they do int he prescence of NE and Epi?

Back 9

Alpha 1 they Constrict

Front 10

What receptors must be on skeletal muscle in order for them to dialate?

Back 10

Beta Receptors

Front 11

Direct effects on the heart are determined largely by what type of receptors?

What does it cause?

Back 11

Beta 1 Influx of Calcium thus it increases HR and FOC!

Front 12

Beta 3 Receptors?

Back 12

Increases Lipolysis

Front 13

Alpha 2 receptors _________ Insulin secretion?

Back 13

Decrease

Front 14

Beta Receptors _______ Insuline Secretion

Back 14

Increase

Front 15

What do Alpha-1 agonist do the BP?

Back 15

Increase TPR, Increase BP.

Front 16

What is an example of an Alpha-1 Agonist that INCREASES BP

Back 16

Phenylephrine

Front 17

Beta 1 on BP???

Back 17

Increases HR, Increase FOC, Increases BP

Front 18

Beta 2 on BP?

Back 18

Decrease TPR via VASODILATION, in certain vascular beds

Front 19

Isoproterenol on BP

Back 19

Increase CO but Dec TPR by activating B2 receptors

Front 20

The importance of Amphetamine on the CNS?

Back 20

Catecholamines do not enter the CNS effectively. AMPH can enter the CNS and will thus cause Stiumulant effects

Front 21

Amphetamine

Back 21

Increases allertness, Reduces fatigue, anorexia, Euphoria and insomina?

Front 22

Very high does of Amphetamine will result in?

Back 22

agressiveness, marked anxiety and convulsionA

Front 23

Alpha receptors on they eye. Give a drug example

Back 23

causes dilation. Phenylephrine

Front 24

Alpha-2 selective agonist that increase the decrease aqueous solution

Back 24

Apraclonidine and Brimonidine

Front 25

Beta Antagonist drug that is used in Glaucoma. What is its Mechanism?

Back 25

Timolol. Decreases the production of Aqueous humor!

Front 26

What type of receptors cause nasal decongestion?

Back 26

Alpha 2

Front 27

Why would you use Beta 2 receptors in Bronchial Asthma?

Back 27

It causes bronchial dilation by smooth muscle relaxation.

Front 28

Beta 2 receptors on the uterus. What are they useful for?

Back 28

Beta 2 receptors cause smooth muscle relaxation of the uterues and can be used for premature labor.

Front 29

IMPORTANT!!!! What is located on the base of the bladder, urethral sphincter and prostate? What do they do?

Back 29

alpha 1 subtype-A- receptors. they mediate contraction and can thus promote urinary contienence!

Front 30

What will beta 2 receptors on the bladder mediate?

Back 30

Smooth muscle relaxation

Front 31

What do alpha receptors in the ductus deferens, seminal vescicles and prostate help in?

Back 31

Ejaculation.

Front 32

Beta 1 _______ renin secretion

Back 32

increase

Front 33

What are the actions of Epinephrine? On the heart and bv?

Back 33

Vasocontrictor and Cardiac stimulant. Alpha 1 is on the blood vessels and causes vasoconstriction. Beta 1 is on the heart and increases Hr.

Front 34

What is the effect of Epinephrine with Beta-2 receptors

Back 34

They are located on skeletal muscle blood vessels and will cause vasodilation. causes TPR to fall and contributes to increased blood flow during exercise

Front 35

What are the effects of Epi in high does versus low doses?

Back 35

High does- Alpha 1 and Beta 1

Low doese- Beta receptors only! - increase HR and Decrease BP!

Front 36

What is the receptor selectivity of Beta receptors on NE?

Back 36

Alpha 1 = Alpha 2 Beta 1 and VERY LITTLE Beta 2

Front 37

Explain the baroreflex activation

Back 37

Increases BP and Decreases HR

Front 38

What are the positive inotropic effects of NE?

Back 38

Increase FOC and contractility

Front 39

Isopreoterenol

Back 39

Potent B-receptors and little effect on Alpha receptors.

Front 40

Isoproterenol is selective to which receptor?

Back 40

Beta 2- good vasodialator with increased CO and a fall in diastolic and mean arterial pressure.

Front 41

What type of receptors does dopamine activate?

Back 41

D1-Vasodilation in kidneys

Front 42

Low doses of Dopamine?

High doses of Dopamine?

Back 42

Low- 2-5 mcg/kg/min acts on Dopaminergic receptors and causes renal, coronary and cerebral blood flow.

above 5- Beta receptors and increases release of NE- Increased cardiac contractablity.

10-20- Alpha receptors-vasoconstriction

Front 43

Dobutamine

Back 43

B1 selective synthetic catercholamine

Front 44

Amphetamine IMPORTANT

Back 44

Can enter CNS and is a displacer. increases mood and alertness and depresses appetite

Front 45

Methamphetamine-IMPORTANT

Back 45

similar to amphetamine but with higher ration of central to peripheral actions

Front 46

Dextroamphetamine (Adderall)-IMPORTANT

Back 46

another CNS stimulant that is used for concentration

Front 47

Cocaine

Back 47

Reuptake inhibitor of Dopamine. (pleasure centers)

has an amphertamine like effect but is short acting but MORE INTESNSE.

Front 48

Ephedrine

Back 48

Mixed acting Sympathomimetics

found in plants

access ot CNS and is a mild stimulant

displaces NE from the presynaptice Neurons

Front 49

What are mixed acting Sympathomimetics?

Back 49

are both direct and indirect aympathomimetics

Front 50

Psuedo ephedrine

Back 50

over the counter

in decongestants

Front 51

Alpha Agonist

Back 51

Phenylephrine, Xylometrazoline and Oxymetazoline

Front 52

Phenylephrine

Back 52

Alpha 1 agonist

decongestant and mydriatic

Front 53

Xylometazoline and oxymetazoline

Back 53

preferred nasal decongestant

alpha agonist

nasal constriction of the nasal mucosa

Front 54

Alpha 2 agonist

Back 54

Clonidine, Methlydopa

Front 55

Clonodine and Methlydopa

Back 55

used for HTN, narcotic addicts and diazapam withdrawals

Front 56

Side effects of Clonidine and Methlydopa

Back 56

Postural hypotension, dry mouth, sedation and rebound htn

Front 57

Apraclonidine

Back 57

Clonidine derivative used in glaucoma!

Front 58

Tyramine

Back 58

by product of tyrosine metabolism

found in cheese

indirect effect to relesase of catecholamines

similar to NE

TAKING MAOI inhibitors you should avoid tyramine foods