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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Natural penicillins
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Penicillin G
Penicillin V |
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Anti-staphylococcus/beta lactamase resistant penicillin
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Methicillin
Oxacillin Cloxaillin Nafcillin |
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Aminopenicillin (2nd generation)
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Ampicillin
Amoxicillin |
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Antipseudomonal (3rd and 4th)
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Piperacillin
Ticarcillin Carbenicillin |
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First generation cephalosporin
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Cephalexin
Cephazolin |
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Second generation cephalosporin
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Cefoxitin
Cefaclor |
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Third generation cephalosporin
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Cefotaxime
Ceftriaxone Ceftazadime |
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Fourth generation cephalosporin
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Cefepime
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Beta-lactamase inhibitors
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Clauvulanic acid
Sulfbactum Tazobactum |
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Monobactam drug
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Aztreonman
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What is the difference between Penicillin G and Penicillin V?
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Penicillin G is given IV/IM while Penicillin V is given orally
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Penicillin G/Penicillin V:uses
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Narrow spectrum
Gram positive cocci Gram negative cocci Gram positive bacilli Anaerobes Spirochetes |
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Methicillin: uses
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Not used clinically-causes interstitial nephritis
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Uses:
Oxacillin Cloxacillin Dicloxacillin Nafcillin |
Narrow spectrum
Staph infections that are resistant to Penicillin G Not used for gram negative |
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Administration:
Oxacillin Nafcillin Cloxacillin Dicloxacillin |
Orally, on empty stomach
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Uses:
Ampicillin Amoxicillin |
Broad spectrum
Gram positive and negative bacilli Listeria-acute bacterial meningitis Respiratory and ear infections-H. influenzae |
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Ampicillin can be used in combination with what drug
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Sulbactum
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Amoxicillin can be used in combination with what drug?
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Clavulanic acid
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Uses:
Pipercillin Ticarcillin Carbenicillin |
Broad spectrum
Gram positive and negative bacteria Pseudomonas Complicated RTI Others usually better for gram positive |
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Administration
Pipercillin Ticarcillin Carbenicillin |
IV/IM
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Beta-lactamase inhibitors: uses
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Used in combination with penicillins to enhance activity
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Carbepenams/Imipenem/Meropenem: uses
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Broad spectrum
Restricted to treat resistant bacterial infections Pseudomonas |
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Monobactams: Aztreonman: uses
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Narrow spectrum
Aerobic gram negative Pseudomonas |
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Beta lactams?
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Penicillin
Cephalosporin |
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Penicillins: excretion
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Mostly kidney-glomerular filtration and tubular secretion
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Which cephalosporins can enter the CNS?
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Ceftrioxame
Cefeprime Cefotaxame |
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Cephalosporins: excretion
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Kidney-tubular secretion
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Which Cephalosporin is more active against anaerobic bacteria (B. fragilis)?
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Cefoxitin
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Which Cephalosporins can be used for Pseudomonas infections?
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Ceftazadime
Cefeprime |
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What is the interaction of Cefeprime and Beta-lactamase?
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Cefeprime is not sensitive to beta-lactamase activity
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What uses can distinguish Cefoxitin from Ceflacor?
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Cefoxitin is more active against anaerobic bacteria (B. fragilis)
Cefaclor is more active against gram negative (H. influenzae) |
