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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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blocks uptake of choline by the nerve ending
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hemicholinium
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blocks formation of ACh from Acetyl CoA and Choline
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Vesamicol
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inhibits release of Ach into the synapse
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Botulinum
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inhibits the conversion of tyrosine to DOPA
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metyrosine
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inhibits conversion of dopamine into NE
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reserpine
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what causes release of NE and Ach into the synapse
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Calcium
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inhibits the release of NE into the synapse
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guanethidine
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what stimulates the release of NE into the synapse
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amphetamines, ephedrine, tyramine
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what blocks reuptake of NE into the synapse
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cocaine, TCAs, amphetamine
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drug for post op ileus and urinary retention
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bethanechol
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used for glaucoma and pupillary contraction
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carbachol
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potent stimulator of sweat, tears, saliva
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pilocarpine
"you cry, drool and sweat on your PILOw" |
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challenge test for diagnosis of asthma
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methacholine
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used for post op ileus, urinary retention, myasthenia gravis and reversal of post op neuromuscular junction blockade
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neostigmine
No CNS penetration |
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long acting for myasthenia gravis
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pyridostigmine
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short acting agent used for the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
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edrophonium
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used for glaucoma or atropine overdose
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physostigmine
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echothiophate
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glaucoma
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Alzheimer's treatment
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donezepil
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Cholinomimetic agents:
1) Direct agonists ("chol") 2) Indirect agonists...aka anticholinesterases (-stigmine) What do you look out for? |
COPD, asthma or peptic ulcer exacerbation
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cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning is due to?
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organophosphates that irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase
what are the symptoms? antidote? |
DUMBBELSS (Ach makes you leaky)
Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis, bradycardia, bronchospasm, excitation, lacrimation, sweating and salivation; antidote: atropine+pralidoxime |
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muscarinic antagonists: "trop"
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make you less leaky (dry as a bone, mad as a hatter, red as a beet...)
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mydriasis and cycloplegia
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atropine, tropicamide
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used in parkinsons
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benztropine
(park the benz) |
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motion sickness or end of life care
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scopolamine
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Asthma, COPD
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ipratropium
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reduces urgency in mild cystitis and reduces bladder spasm
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oxybutynin, glycopyrrolate
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peptic ulcer treatment
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methylscopalamine, propantheline
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toxicity of atropine?
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red as a beet, hot as a hare...
acute angle-closure glaucoma in elderly, urinary retention in BPH, hyperthermia in infants |
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sympathomimetic used for septic shock
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norepinephrine
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symphathomimetic used for cardiogenic shock
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dobutamine
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used to stop bad nosebleeds (also dilates pupils and vasocontricts)
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phenylephrine
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reduces premature contractions
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ritodrine or terbutaline
alpha or beta? |
beta 2 agonist
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acute asthma?
chronic asthma? |
acute: albuterol and metaproteronal
chronic: salmeterol alpha or beta? |
beta-2 agonist with side effect of increasing HR due to some B1 action
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nasal decongestion, urinary incontinence, hypotension
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ephedrine or tyramine
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vasoconstriction and local anestethia
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cocaine
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when do you see reflex bradycardia? tachy?
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reflex brady in compensation for an increased BP due to alpha-1 agonist
reflecx tachy in compensation for B1 effects (drop in BP) |
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used against hypertension (esp of renal disease)
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clonidine, alpha-methydopa
how do they work? |
centrally acting alpha-2 agonists which decrease central adrenergic outflow
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pheochromocytoma
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phenoxybenzamine first (alpha blocker), then give a B-blocker
toxicity? |
reflex tachycardia and orthostatic hypotension
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who do you give phentolamine to?
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patients on MAO inhibitors who eat tyramine containing foods
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used for BPH who also have HTN
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prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin
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an alpha 2 blocker that treats depression
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mirtapazine
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all the functions of B-blockers?
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HTN,
Angina, MI, SVT, CHF, glaucoma |
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B1 blockers are used when?
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in pts with comorbid pulm dz
which are these? |
a thru m:
acebutol, betaxolol, esmolol, atenolol, metoprolol |
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non -selective B antagonists?
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N-Z: timolol, propanolol, nadolol, pindolol
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non selective (vasodilatory) alpha and beta blockers?
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carvedilol, labetalol
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