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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 types of anxiolytics |
sedative - hypnotics benzodiazepines 2nd generation non-benzodiazepines |
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where do most anxiolytics work? |
GABA receptors |
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4 types of antidepressants |
monoamine oxidase inhibitors trycyclic drugs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) 3rd generation antidepressants |
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2 types of antipsychotics |
neuroleptics atypical drugs |
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egs of monoamine transmitters |
serotonin noradrenaline dopamine
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what do tryptomine and phenethylomine do? |
they are agonists |
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trycyclic antidepressants |
inhibit serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake |
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egs of trycylic antidepressants |
Imipramine amitriptyline - also affects Na+ reuptake doxepin desipramine |
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side effects of trycyclic antidepressants **caution |
sedation, dizziness, headache *not for patients with MI, coronary heart disease *avoid antihistamine |
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SSRI's |
inhibit serotonin selectively |
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egs of SSRIs and side effects |
Fluoxetine paroxetine sertraline citalopram sexual dysfunction, dependence and withdrawal |
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SSRIs caution! |
do not give to bipolar patients causes serotonin syndrome of given with trycyclics |
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SERT inhibitors / 5HT releasers site f action |
G protein receptors |
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egs of SERT inhibitors 5 HT releasers |
fenfluramine methylenedioxymethomphetamine (MDMA) |
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dopaminergic neurones |
involve voluntary movement |
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dopamine is responsible for |
mood and reward |
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D1 -like receptors |
increase cAMP |
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D2-like receptors |
decrease cAMP |
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noradrenergic neurones cause |
alertness and arousal |
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corisol |
is secreted by the adrenal gland. heightened response to stress |
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degradation of dopamine - MAO and COMT enzymes |
inhibitors are non-selective blockers |
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egs of MAO and COMT enzymes, side effects and *caution! |
phenelzine - depression and bipolar tranylcypromine parnate - severe depression inc BP, weight gain, sedation and odema affects renal/hepatic function, CHD and pregnancy |
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egs of 3rd generation anti depressants |
bupropion - inhibits serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine reuptake venlafaxine - inhibits serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake |
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egs of mood stabilisers and side effects |
lithium carbonate lithium citrate carbamazepine topiramate dizziness, headache and confustion |
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contraindications and cautions of mood stabilisers |
renal dysfunction, leukaemia and Na+ depletion *do not take with other antipsychotics, diuretics or NSAIDs |
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egs of Sedative hypnotics and side effects |
theopental (surgery) secobarbital phenobarbital zolpiderm drowsiness, dependence and tolerance |
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contraindications and cautions of sedative hypnotics |
do not give to under 18s, pregnant/breastfeeding avoid other CNS depressants *do not drink alcohol |
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benzodiazepines |
better than barbituates as they are safer |
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egs of benzodiazepines and side effects |
diazepam alprazolam temazepam larazepam headache, blurred vision and memory loss |
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which 2 benzos are preferred in older adults due to falls? |
temazepam and lorazepam |
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contraindications and cautions of benzos |
renal/hepatic dysfunction. pregnancy and breast feeding *avoid other CNS depressants |
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eg of non benzodiazepines and side effects |
buspurone - short term treatment dizziness, headache, insomnia and nausea
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when are non benzodiazepines used? |
when coming off Benzos |
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conraindications of non benzos |
avoid other CNS depressants *never give with MAOIs |
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neuroleptics |
dopamine D2 receptor antagonists only treat the positive symptoms of schizophrenia |
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egs of neuroleptics |
chlorpromazine fluphenazine haloperidol loxapine |
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contraindications and cautions of neuroleptics |
parkinsonism, sedation and hypotension *do not take CNS depressants, anticonvulsants, anti hypertensives or antacids |
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Atypical drugs |
treat both the negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia |
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egs of atypical drugs and side effects |
clozepine amisulpride risperidone olanzepine headache, blurred vision, insomnia and GI distress |
