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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 categories of anti-protozoal agents |
1. anti-malaria 2. amebiasis 3. pneumocystis and toxoplasmosis 4. trypanosomiasis (not covered) |
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what is trypanosomimasis |
african sleeping sickness, south american sleeping sickness ( ASS: tsete, chagas: reduvid bug) |
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what is malaria caused by |
4 species of plasmodium |
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what is amebiasis caused by |
- entamoeba histolytica (giardia, trichomoniasis) |
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what is elephantiasis cuased by |
filariasis (worm infxn)/ wuchereria bancrofti |
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vector of malaria? most dangerous malaria? 4 kinds |
- anopheles mosquito - Falciparum (most dangerous), vivax, malariae, ovale |
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2 major malaria med categories |
- chemoprophylaxis (for travelers to endemic regions) - treatment |
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what is malaria txt based on |
- location of travel, time before travel and traveler specific factors (preggo, occupation, UL conditions) |
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4 malaria chemophrophylaxis (4) |
1. cholorquine (not as effective in most areas anymore) 2. mefloquine 3. doxycycline 4. atovaquone & proquanil |
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which malaria prophylaxis drug is used in area with multi-drug resistant p. falciparum |
doxy |
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which malaria proph drug is used in area w/ chloroquine resistant p. falciparum |
- atovaquone-proguaril - mefloquine |
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when is chloroquine DOC |
- in chloroquine sensitive/ receptive areas - Proph, suppressive txt, and acute attacks of malaria of vivax, ovale, malariae and susceptable falciparum - rapidly terminate fever 24-48 hr - clears parasitemia in 48-72 hr |
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what is chloroquine not effective against (stage malaria) |
liver stage parasites |
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what is an alternative to chloroquine proph and txt in chloroquine sensitive malaria |
- hydroxycholoquine |
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AE of chloroquine |
- irreversible retinal damage - ototoxicity - myopathy - peripheral neuropathy - pruritus in Africans *bad AE if high dose or long term txt* |
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who is chloroquine CI in? |
- pt w/ psoriasis or porphyria - those w/ visual or retinal field abnl or myopathy |
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Drugs for txt of chloroquine resistant p. falciparum |
- Pyrimethamine & sulfadoxine (folate inhibitor) - safe in pregnancy |
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Good malaria prophylaxis for last minute traveler |
- doxy (less expensive), must take 1mo after travel though - atovoquone-proguanil - primaquine |
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Malaria prophylaxis for pregnant women |
- mefloquine (unless psych issues)
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which malaria drug cannot be used in G6PD person |
- primaquine |
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what is SE of mefloquine |
- neuro issues: CI in any psych or seizure issues - CI: heart conduction issues |
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Most preventive malaria for p. vivax or ovale |
- primaquine |
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MC helminth infection in US |
- pinworms |
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Use of primaquine |
- kill dormant vivax and ovale, prevents its relapse - proph w/ other agents for all malaria species - hepatic stage malaria |
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DOC for giardia |
- metronidazole or - tindazole |
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DOC of Trich vaginalis |
- metronidazole or - tindazole |
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DOC for penumocystitis jiroveci/ carinii |
- Sulfameth-Trimeth (Septra) - Alter: Atovaquone and clinda + primaquine |
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what is weird abour pneumocystitis jiroveci |
- fungal pneumonia that doesn't respond to anti-fungals |
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DOC: prophylaxis toxoplasmosis |
- Sulfameth-Trimetho (Septra) |
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DOC leishmaniasis |
Stibogluconate sodium (not USA approved) |
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3 helminth txt drugs (worms) |
- Mebendazole - Albendazole - Pyrantel Pamoate |
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which anti-helminth is effective against hydatid disease (echinococcus) |
- albendazole |
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which anti-helminth is effective against immature and mature forms of helminths in gI tract? What does it not cover |
- Pyrantel pamoate - not good for tissue (migratory stage) or eggs |
