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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name some causes of impaired red cell production
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AZT-related(Zidovudine)
B-12 deficiency CRF Folic Acid deficiency |
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Name 3 causes of anemia
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Impaired RBC production
Impaired Hgb synthesis Decrease RBC survival |
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What is the RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width)?
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Measures the variability in size of the red blood cell
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Under what conditions does a patient require iron therapy?
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If TSAT is less than 20% or Ferritin is less than 100
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T/F A high TIBC will cause a low TSAT %
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TRUE
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When is bone marrow biopsy usually done?
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In a normocytic anemia with a low reticulyte count and unknown cause to rule out myelodysplasia
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What are the causes of normocytic anemia?
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Acute blood loss
Hemolytic anemia Anemia of Chronic Disease |
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What are the causes of macrocytic anemia?
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B-12
Folic acid deficiency (Sulfa drugs) Methotrexate (used for RA) AZT |
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What are the caues of folate deficiency?
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Alcoholics
Bactrim Methotrexate |
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When do you use Darbopoetin(stimulating growth factor)
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only use for cancer patients. Hg/HCT must be low before using this drug
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what are the indications of Darbopoetin?
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Anemia
AZT- related anemia CRF Chemotherapy induced anemia |
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What are the side effects of Darbopoetin?
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Severe HTN
Tachycardia |
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What are the indications of GM-CSF?
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AIDS assoc. neutropenia
Bone Marrow Transplant Chemotherapy |
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What are the adverse effects of GM-CSF?
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Bone pain
Malaise Flu-like symptoms |
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name a drug that stimulates neutrophil production
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Neupogen
Filgrastim |
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How do you calculate the ANC (absolute neutrophil count)
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(B + S) * WBC = Answer
Answer * 100 (Ex: Bands=5, Segs=12, WBC=1.5) ANC = 2,550 This is greater than 1500, we don’t need to put on CSF If ANC > 1500 for 2 consecutive days you should stop therapy |
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How do you calculate the TSAT %?
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TSAT %= Iron X 100/TIBC
If TSAT% is high, no need to give iron therapy. If TSAT is less than 20%, then we need to give iron |
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What are the clinical Indications for Iron?
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Chronic blood loss
Repeated pregnancy Inadequate dietary intake Malabsorption |
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what are the different types of iron therapies?
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Ferrous Gluconate
Ferrous Fumarate Ferrous Sulfate- most common Iron Dextran – SC/IM |
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What is the side effect of Iron therapy?
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Constipation
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What are the indications for IV Iron?
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Dialysis (FDA approved)
NPO patients (not FDA apprvd) |
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What are the 2 forms of IV Iron?
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Venofer (Ferrous Sucrose)
Ferllicit (Ferric Gluconate) |
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What do you do before giving IV Iron?
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Give test dose to test for an anaphylactic reaction (or give Benadryl first)
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How do you treat Iron toxicity?
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Acutely: Deferoxamine: Chelates Iron
Chronically: (hemachromatosis): Phlebotomy |
