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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are adrenergic agonists?
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drugs or endogenous chatecholamines that activate alpha and beta receptors; also known as sympathomimetics
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How are adrenergics classified?
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according to the mechanism of action (direct, indirect, or mixed action)
by receptor site (a1,a2,B1,B2) |
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What are the 2 classes of adrenoreceptors?
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alpha (a1 and a2)
beta (B1 and B2) |
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Describe the alpha 1 receptor.
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postsynaptic membrane receptor, stimulation leads to release of intracellular Ca via IP3 and DAG
vasoconstriction (inc TPR and BP), mydriasis, glycogenolysis |
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Describe the a2 receptor
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presynaptic membrane receptor, acts by dec IC cAMP levels
inhibits NE & insulin release many CNS effects, some vasoconstriction, platelet agg, (-)lipolysis |
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Describe the B1 receptor
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mediates cardiac effects of chatecholamines by increasing cAMP production
increases force and rate of contraction |
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Describe the B2 receptor
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mediates bronchodilation, vasodilation, and sm. muscle relaxation by inc intracellular cAMP
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By what mechanism does the a1 receptor act? alpha2?
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alpha1: IP3, DAG
alpha2: Gi, inhibit adenylyl cyclase |
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what effect does a2 agonism have on insulin secretion?
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inhibits insulin secretion
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most organs except for blood vessels are dominated by what part of the ANS?
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parasympathetics
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ejaculation is controlled by what receptor?
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a1 receptors
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stimulating the eye's M3 receptor does what?
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miosis (circular muscle) and accomodation (ciliary muscle)
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receptor for skeletal muscle relaxation?
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B2
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pregnant uterus contraction - relaxation receptors?
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a1 - b2
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receptor for kidney renin release?
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B1
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receptor for glycogenolysis and increased contractility in skeletal muscle?
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B2
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receptor for increasing heart rate and contractility?
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B1
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what sympathomimetic creates widened pulse pressure? why?
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epinephrine; blood vessels relax due to B2 stimulation
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receptor for blood vessel constriction except in skeletal muscle?
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a1
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how can beta blockers help in glaucoma?
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decreases aqueous humor secretion
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how do cholinomimetics help in glaucoma? what drugs are considered useful in this situation?
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+ outflow of aqueous humor, contraction of ciliary muscle and opening of trabecular meshwork drugs: pilocarpine, carbachol, physostigmine, echothiophate
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how do beta blockers help in HTN?
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lowers CO and renin secretion
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how do beta blockers help in angina pectoris?
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decreased HR and contractility, leading to decreased oxygen consumption
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what use do beta blockers have in MI pts?
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decrease mortality
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why are beta blockers useful in supraventricular tachycardia?
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slow AV conduction velocity
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what do beta blockers do in CHF?
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slow progression of chronic failure
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what does ACh-ase do to ACh?
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splits into choline and acetate
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What are the examples of direct acting amines?
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epinephrine, norepinephrine, and isoproterenol
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Name the Direct acting adrenergic agonists?
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epinephrine
NE isoproterenol |
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Name the Indirect acting Adrenergic agonists
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Amphetamine
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Name the mixed action adrenergic agonists
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Ephedrine
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