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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the anti-androgen drug? |
flutamide |
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Describe flutamide |
androgen receptor antagonist |
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What is flutamide used for? |
prostate cancer |
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What are the drugs used for diabetes? |
1. metformin 2. pioglitazone 3. sitagliptin 4. Acarbose 5. Canagliflozin 6. repaglinide 7. Insulin |
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Describe metformin |
decreases hepatic gluconeogensis |
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What is metformin used for? |
-weight loss -hypoglycemia |
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What is a side effect of metformin? |
GI issues |
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Describe pioglitazone |
-PPAR-gamma agonist -increases sensitivity of tissues to insulin |
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What are the side effects for pioglitazone? |
hepatotoxicity |
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Describe sitagliptin |
-DiPP-4 inhibitor -decrease breakdown of GLIP-1 -increased insulin decretion |
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What is a side effects of sitagliptin? |
pancreatitis |
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Describe Acarbose |
-alpha-glucosidase inhibitor -decreases intestinal glucose absorption |
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What is a side effect of Acarbose? |
GI upset |
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Describe Canagliflozin |
-Na-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor -decreases renal glucose absorption |
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Describe repaglinide |
-blocks ATP sensitive K+ channels on beta cells in pancreas -increases insulin release |
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What are the side effects of repaglinide? |
-weight gain -hypoglycemia |
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What are the different types of insulin? |
1. glulisine 2. regular 3. lente 4. glargine |
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Describe glulisine insulin |
-binds to insulin receptors on most cells -4-5 hours -increases glucose transport -increase glycogen formation in liver/muscles -increases muscle protein synthesis & TG storage in fat |
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What is the side effect of glulisine inulin? |
hypoglycemia |
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Describe regular insulin |
6-8 hours |
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Describe lente insulin |
12-20 hours |
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Describe glargine insulin |
24 hours -maintains low baseline |
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What drugs affect calcium and bone? |
1. Alendronate 2. Raloxifene 3. Calcitonin 4. Denocumab 5. Teriparatide |
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Describe Alendronate |
-bisphosphonate -Increase OPG & decrease RANKL expression |
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What are the side effects of Alendronate? |
-esophageal ulcers -jaw necrosis |
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Describe Calcitonin |
decreases osteoclast activity (antiresorptive) |
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Describe Denocumab |
-monoclonal antibody binds to RANKL -decrease osteoclast activity -used when all other drugs fail |
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What are the side effects of Denocumab? |
-joint and muscle pain -increased risk of infection |
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Describe Teriparatide |
-recombinant PTH -increased osteoblast activity -increased serum Ca2+ -decreased serum phosphate |
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What are the side effects of Teriparatide? |
-pain -osteosarcoma |
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What are the thyroid and antithyroid drugs? |
1. Levothyroxine 2. Iodine-31 3. Propylthiouracil 4. Methimazole 5. Potassium Iodide |
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Describe Levothyroxine |
-thyroid hormone -replaces lack of hormone |
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What are the side effects of Levothyroxine? |
-arrythmias -tachycardia |
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Describe Iodine-31 |
destroys cells |
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What is the side effect of Iodine-31? |
myelosuppression |
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Describe Propylthiouracil |
-decreases deactivation of T4 to T3 -inhibitis organification of iodide |
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What is Propylthiouracil used for? |
hyperthyroidism |
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What are the side effects of Propylthiouracil? |
-agranulocytosis -hepatotoxicity |
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Describe Methimazole |
-decreases deactivation of T4 to T3 -inhibitis organification of iodide |
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What is Methimazole used for? |
hyperthyroidism
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What are the side effects of Methimazole? |
-agranulocytosis -hepatotoxicity |
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Describe Potassium Iodide |
decreases iodination |
