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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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which class of diuretics are the most effective
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the loop diuretics
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What is the drug which is a Carbonic anydranse inhibitor
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acetazolomide
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what is the main treatment that we use acetazolomide for
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glaucoma, it decreases the aqueous humor formation
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what is the MOA for acetazolomide
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blocks bicarb reabsorption which increases bicarb diuresis
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where do the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors function in the kidney
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the proximal tubule
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what are the contraindications for using carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
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hepatic cirrhosis because alkanizing the urine decreases the excretion of NH4 which in turn leads to hepatic cirrhosis
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what are the 4 loop diuretics
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lasix, ethacrynic acid, bumetanide, torsemide
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What is the MOA for loop diuretics
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inhibit NACl resorption in thick ascending loop of Henle
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what do loop diuretics treat
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pulm edema, acute hypercalcemia, hyperkalemia, and ARF
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What happens to the body when their is too much loop diuretic
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metabolic alkalosis- aldosterone loosing acid reabsorb bicarb and hypokalemic
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what is the thiazide diuretic
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HCTZ
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what is the MOA for HCTZ
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inhibit NACL transport in distal convoluted tubule
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what does HCTZ treat
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htn, CHF, diabetes insipidus
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what are the 4 potassium sparing diuretics
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spironolactone, eplerenone, amiloride, and triameterene
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what is the MOA for potassium sparing diuretics
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aldosterone facilitates NA/K exchange in the collecting tubule which increases NA reabsorption, there is K/Na exchange and K doesn't get excreted
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what are the 2 potassium sparing diuretics which block NA influx
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amiloride and triameterene
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what 2 potassium sparing diuretics block receptors for aldosterone
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spironolactone and eplerernone
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what do potassium sparing diuretics treat
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primary and secondary aldosteronism
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what is the toxic effect of the potassium sparing diuretics
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hyperkalemia
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what is the osmotic diuretic
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mannitol
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what route is mannitol given
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parenteral because if given orally it won't be absorbed and will cause osmotic diarrhea
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what does mannitol do
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increases water excretion rather than NA excretion
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what is the one combo diuretic
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metolazone (sulfonamide)
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what is the MOA for metolazone
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similar to thiazide, inhibits NACL reabsorption
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which diuretic does metolazone work best with
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loop diuretics
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what is the half life of metolazone
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14 hours
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