Pharm 56 Immunopharmacology

Front 1

cytokines made by Th1 cells and fxns?

Back 1

IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-β

activate macrophages, CTLs, and NK cells

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Cytokines released by Th2 cells and fxns?

Back 2

IL-4, IL-5, IL-6

induce B-cell proliferation and differentiation into memory B cells and plasma cells

Front 3

cytokine produced by activated Th (undifferentiated) cells and fxn?

Back 3

IL-2

causes proliferation and activation of Th1 and Th2 cells

Front 4

MOA cyclosporine

Back 4

binds cyclophilin, which inhibits calcineurin (involved in cytokine production by activated Tcells)

Front 5

MOA tacrolimus

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binds FK-binding protein, which inhibits calcineurin (involved in cytokine production by activated Tcells)

Front 6

MOA sirolimus?

Back 6

binds FK-binding protein and inhibits RESPONSE of T cells to cytokine w/o affecting production

Front 7

immunosuppressive agents used in solid organ txp

Back 7

cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus

Front 8

immunosuppressive agent used for stem cell txp

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tacro

Front 9

immunosuppressive agents used in GVH dz

Back 9

tacro, cyclo

Front 10

other than txp, what diseases are cyclo, tacro, and siro used for?

Back 10

RA, uveitis, psoriasis, asthma, DM type 1

Front 11

d/t erratic bioavailability, monitor blood levels of this immunosuppressant

Back 11

cyclosporine

Front 12

common toxicities of cyclo & tacro?

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renal dysfxn, HTN, neurotoxic; hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, cholelithiasis

Front 13

siro may cause these side effects more than cyclo and tacro

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elevated trigs, hepatotoxicity, diarrhea, myelosuppression

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drug that suppresses B and T-cell activation by inhibiting inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase

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mycophenolate mofetil

Front 15

concomitant administration of allopurinol can lead to toxic effects of this immunosuppressant

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azathioprine

Front 16

prodrug whose metabolite is cytotoxic in early phases of lymphoid cell proliferation (T cells > B cells)

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azathioprine
(metabolized to mercaptopurine)

Front 17

the use of azathioprine is associated with what major toxic effects?

Back 17

BMS, increased incidence of cancer

Front 18

prodrug whose metabolite is an alkylating agent that is toxic to proliferating lymphoid cells (B cells > T cells)

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Cyclophosphamide

Front 19

cytotoxic drugs sometimes used as immunosuppressants (5)

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cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dactinomycin, methotrexate, vincristine

Front 20

MOA etanercept?

Back 20

recombinant form of TNF receptor that sequesters TNFα (proinflammatory)

Front 21

TNF inhibitor used for RA and psoriatic arthritis?

Back 21

etanercept

Front 22

monoclonal antibodies that block actions of TNFα

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infliximab, adalimumab

Front 23

drug used in RA that inhibits pyrimidine synthesis and arrests lymphocytes in G1 phase?

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leflunomide

Front 24

sedative drug that is severely teratogenic that also inhibits TNF synthesis, increases IL-10, reduces neutrophil phagocytosis, alters adhesion molecules, and enhances cell mediated immunity?

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Thalidomide

Front 25

inhibitor of T-cell activation by blocking CD2 receptor using engineered lymphocyte-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3); used in tx of psoriasis?

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aLeFAcept

Front 26

antibodies that block cellular immunity but not antibody formation; used before BMTxp to prevent GVH rxn?

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Antilymphocyte globulin (ALG)
Antithymocyte globulin (ATG)

Front 27

what type of pt would warrant tx with IgG against red cell transmembrane proteins?

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Rho(D)-negative mothers birthing a Rho(D)-positive baby to prevent Rh hemolytic dz of the newborn

(Rho-GAM)

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monoclonal Ab that binds CD3 antigen on T cells to block killing action; used for renal txp rejection?

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muromonab-CD3

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first dose effects of muromonab?

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fever, chills, dyspnea, pulm edema

Front 30

monoclonal Ab that binds IL-2 receptor on T cells to prevent activation; has no clinically proven side effects

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daclizumab

Front 31

monoclonal Ab used in tx-resistant Crohn's dz, RA, ulcerative colitis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis

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Infliximab

Front 32

recombinant lymphokine that promotes production of CTLs and activates NK cells, used for renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma?

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Aldesleukin (IL-2)

Front 33

endogenous cytokine used to decrease incidence & severity of infxns in pts w/ chronic granulomatous dz

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IFN-λ-1b

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endogenous cytokine used in tx of relapsing MS?

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IFN-β-1b

Front 35

cytokine that inhibits cell proliferation and is used in hairy cell leukemia, CML, melanoma, Kaposi sarcoma and hep B/C?

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IFN-α-2a

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clinical use of BCG?

Back 36

immunization against Tb, immunostimulant in tx of superficial bladder cancer