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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abuse v misuse
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- perceived as abuse when there is a cost to the society at large
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Three types of tolerance
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- metabolic (increased metabolism)
- Functional (receptor cell changes) - Behavioral (recovery from ability to function socially) |
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Dependence
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- physical (brain expects it)
- psychological (compulsive behavior) |
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The more the physical dependence ...
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... the worse the withdrawl
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Opiods
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- heroin, morphine, codeine, methadone
- act on the "u" receptor |
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Sympathomimetics
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- stimulants
- amphetamines, cocaine, meth. - caatecholamine transmission ** Caffiene - different receptor = decreases adenosine |
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Depressants
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- diazepam, ethanol, barbituates
- increase GABA |
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Nicotine
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- weak mimic of acetylcholine
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Psychedelics
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- LSD, psilocybin, mescaline
- decrease seotonin trans. |
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Cannabinoids
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- THC (MARY JANE)
- Have their own receptor! |
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Factors of Drug abuse:
Agent |
- availability
- cost - perceived risk - mode of administration - Speed of onset |
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Factors of Drug abuse:
Host (user) |
- heredity
- psychiatric symptoms - prior experiences - propensity for risk taking behavior |
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Factors of Drug abuse:
Environment |
- Social setting
- community attitudes - employment or educational opportunities |
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Amphetamine v cocaine
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- similar actions
- both interact with reuptake of Dopa - Amphetamine causes Dopa to leak out ... so it's effects are longer - abuse potential for both is great - toxicity: arrhythmias and convulsions for both |
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Opioids Toxicity
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- coma
- naloxone |
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Sympathomimetics toxicity
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- sympathetic storm (convulsion)
- amphetamines: tx with haloperidol (sedative) - cocaine: tx seizures with diazepam and stroke with proprnaolol or calcium channel blockers |
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General depressants toxicity
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- coma, respiratory failure
- mechanical ventilation - pos inotropic drug:dopamine - hemodialysis or hemoperfusion |
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Psychedelics toxicity
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- anxiety
- give psychosis support - |
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Phencclidine toxicity
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- seizures
- pump stomach - acidify urine, diazepam for seizures |
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Inhalants toxicity
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- asphyxiation, arrhythmias
- protect heart |
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Opioid withdrawl tx
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- methadone or L-acetyl methadone
- withdrawl symptoms not life threatening - |
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Sympathomimetics withdrawl
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- nothing proven
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general depressants withdrawl
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- convulsions, DT
- pheobarbital - propranolol or clonidine reduce sympathetic storm |
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Nicotine withdrawl
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- anxiety, craving
- replacement therapy - bupropion |
