Pharm 31 Opioids

Front 1

Inhibit synaptic activity of primary afferents and spinal cord pain transmission neurons

Back 1

Ascending pathways

Front 2

Activation of these receptors close Ca2+ ion channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release

Back 2

Presynaptic mu, delta, and kappa receptors

Front 3

Activation of these receptors open K+ ion channels to cause membrane hyperpolarization

Back 3

Postsynaptic Mu receptors

Front 4

Tolerance to all effects of opioid agonists can develop except to

Back 4

Miosis and constipation

Front 5

All opioids except this agent (which has a muscarinic blocking action) cause pupillary constriction

Back 5

Meperidine

Front 6

SE of all opioid analgesics

Back 6

dependence, withdrawal syndrome, sedation, euphoria, respiratory depression nausea and vomiting, constipation, biliary spasm, increased ureteral and bladder tone, and reduction in uterine tone (hyperparasympathetic tone)

Front 7

Strong opioid agonists

Back 7

Morphine, methadone, meperidine, fentanyl, levorphanol, and heroin

Front 8

Opioids used in anesthesia

Back 8

Morphine and fentanyl

Front 9

Opioid agonist used in the management of withdrawal states because of its long duration of action

Back 9

Methadone

Front 10

Opioid available trans-dermally

Back 10

Fentanyl

Front 11

Opioid that can be given PO, by epidural, and IV, which helps to relieve the dyspnea of pulmonary edema

Back 11

Morphine

Front 12

Use of this opioid with MAOI can lead to hyperpyrexic coma, and with SSRI's can lead to serotonin syndrome

Back 12

Meperidine

Front 13

Moderate opioid agonists

Back 13

Codeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone

Front 14

Weak opioid agonist, poor analgesic, its overdose can cause severe toxicity including respiratory depression, circulatory collapse, pulmonary edema, and seizures

Back 14

Propoxyphene

Front 15

Mixed opioid agonist-antagonist, considered a strong analgesic, has a long duration of action and is resistant to naloxone reversal

Back 15

Buprenorphine

Front 16

Opioid antagonist that is given IV for overdose and has short DOA

Back 16

Naloxone

Front 17

Opioid antagonist that is given orally in alcohol dependency programs

Back 17

Naltrexone

Front 18

These agents are used as antitussive

Back 18

Dextromethorphan, Codeine

Front 19

These agents are used as antidiarrheal

Back 19

Diphenoxylate, Loperamide

Front 20

ingestion of EtOH w/ these opioids causes a major increase in plasma drug levels

Back 20

hydromorphine, oxymorphine

Front 21

opioid whos metabolite can cause seizures at high plasma levels

Back 21

meperidine

Front 22

opioid receptor responsible for respiratory depression effects

Back 22

mu

Front 23

opiod receptor involved in sedaitive actions

Back 23

kappa

Front 24

opiod analgesics are relatively contraindicated:

Back 24

head injuries, pregnancy?

Front 25

opiod action on biliary tract, ureteral and bladder sphincters, and uterus (except w/meperidine)

Back 25

increases biliary contraction, increases ureteral and bladder shincter tone, and decreases uterine tone

Front 26

describe the opioid abstinence syndrome seen with abrupt withdral after physical dependance

Back 26

rhinorrhea, lacrimation, chills, goosebumps, muscle aches, diarrhea, yawning, anxiety, hostility

Front 27

over-the-counter antitussive w/toxicities including hallucinations, confusion, excitation, nystagmus, seizures, coma, decreased respiration

Back 27

dextromethorphan (robotussin, ect.)

Front 28

opioid overdose 'triad'

Back 28

pupillary constriction, comatose, respiratory depression

Front 29

opioid agonists

Back 29

naloxone, nalmefene, naltrexone