Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
ANS molecules
|
ACh, NE, epinephrine, DA
|
|
|
Terminal cell body of somatic (voluntary) vs. autonomic (invol)
|
Somatic - Within the cns/spinal cord - not in the peripheral ganglia.
Autonomic - in the peripheral ganglia |
|
|
Firing frequency of somatic (voluntary) vs. autonomic (invol)
|
Somatic - much more frequent. also faster conduction and recovery
|
|
|
Pregang autonomic fibers - myelinated?
|
yes
|
|
|
Postgang autonomic fibers - myelinated?
|
nope
|
|
|
Terminal NT for adrenal medulla
|
Epinephrine mostly. Some NE
|
|
|
Terminal NT for sweat glands (sympathetic)
|
ACh- Muscuranic
|
|
|
Renal vasc smooth muscle terminal NT (sympathetic)
|
Dopamine
|
|
|
Peripheral ganglia - NT used in nerve-nerve synapse
|
ACh - nicotinic.
|
|
|
More glycogenolysis in sympathetic or para?
|
sympathetic (via chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla)
|
|
|
Cells involved in autonomics in the adrenal medulla
|
chromaffin cells. remember that the NT is epinephrine.
|
|
|
More fatty acid release in symp or parasymp?
|
sympathetic (via chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla)
|
|
|
Dually innervated in resting state are mostly in para or symp tons?
|
parasymp.
so a drug inhibiting NE will have little effect. will have more effect in a stressful situation |
|
|
can you live without parasymp nervous system?
|
no, but you can without symp.
|
|
|
Cranial nerves carrying parasympathetics
|
CN 3,7,9,10
|
|
|
Synthesis of ACh
|
acetyl coa and choline turned into ACh with coa byproduct via choline acetyltransferase.
|
|
|
Donepezil
|
Tx alzheimer's
cholinesterase inhibitor (increase ACh levels) |
|
|
Distrib of sympathetics
|
Thoracolumbar
|
|
|
Distrib of parasymp
|
Craniosacral
|
|
|
Pregang fibers of symp vs para
|
symp - short and myelinated
para - long and myelinated |
|
|
Postgang fibers of symp vs para
|
symp - long and unmyelinated (except medulla)
para - short and unmyelinated. |
|
|
End organ receptors for parasymp
|
muscuranic
|
|
|
>50% prescrip drugs targeted against...
|
g-protein coupled receptors.
|
|
|
N terminus of g-coupled prot receptor
|
Extracellular - has disulfide bond and glycosylation sites
|
|
|
C terminus of g-coupled prot receptor
|
Intracellular and interacts with G proteins.
Note that g proteins can be desensitized. |
|
|
Mechanism of alpha1 receptors
|
Alpha 1a,1b,1d
Increase in PLC and the effector is PKC Only post-synaptic epi, NE bind |
|
|
Mechanism of alpha2 receptors
|
Alpha 2a,2b,2c
Decrease in cAMP (by inhibiting adenylyl cyclase), effector is PKA mostly, some PKC Pre (feedback to shut off NE response) and post-synaptic epi, NE bind |
|
|
Mechanism of beta receptors
|
Increase cAMP (by upreg adenylyl cyclase) and the effector is PKA
Post synaptic Epi, isoproterenol bind it. NE binds a little bit to beta1. |
|
|
NE can be used to tx...
|
septic shock (to cause vasoconstriction)
|
|
|
Doxazosin can be used to tx...
|
BPH - it relaxes SM of the bladder. It is an alpha-adrenergic antagonist.
|
|
|
Albuterol used to tx...
|
Asthma - beta2-adrenergic agonist.
|
|
|
Metoprolol used to tx....
|
Beta-1 adrenergic antagonist.
Tx of angina. |
|
|
Alpha 1 vs. beta 2 for bronchi
|
Alpha 1 constricts, beta 2 dilates them.
But there are many more beta2 sites. |
|
|
Beta2 receptor in general...
|
dilates and relaxes things.
|
|
|
Dopamine receptors
|
5 subtypes
Mainly in brain, renal vasculature, presynaptic nerve terminals. |
|
|
Dopamine can be used to tx...
|
heart failure
(it is a beta1 adrenergic and dopamine receptor agonist) |
|
|
D1 or D5 receptors
|
Brain and renal
Activate adenylyl cyclase and increase cAMP |
|
|
D2,3,4 receptors
|
Inhibit adenylyl cyclase to decrease cAMP.
D2 - brain and SM D3 - brain D4 - brain and CV system. |
|
|
Ipratropium
|
Anticholinergic.
|
