Pharm 1 Antibacterial

Front 1

Sulfonamides

Back 1

inhib dihydropteroic synthetase

Hint 1

G (-) (+)nausea, headache, vomiting, depression, crystal urea, hemolytic anemia if G6PD NEPHROTOXIC

Front 2

Trimethoprim (TMP)

Back 2

Static: inhib dihydrofolate reductase

Hint 2

G (-) (+) acute uncomplicated UTI side effects: megaloblastic anemia in folate deficiency, inc fetal bilirubin (AVOID USE IN FINAL TRIMESTER) Treats Marrow Poorly: TMP

Front 3

Sulfones

Back 3

inhibit folate synthesis

Hint 3

limited to LEPROSY, hemolytic anemia

Front 4

Penicillin G and V

Back 4

block transpeptidase

Hint 4

G(+) PCN G (IV) PCN V (oral)hypersensitivity to thiozoladine, altered gut flora

Front 5

Ampicillin and Amoxicillin

Back 5

added charged group for penetration into G(-)

Hint 5

G (-) (+) Haemophilus, E. coli, Listeria, Proteus, Salmonella --> HELPS; pseudomembranous colitis

Front 6

Methicillin, Nafcillin, Dicloxacillin

Back 6

added big group for steric hindrance to inhib B-lactamase

Hint 6

G (+) side effects are interstitial nephritis

Front 7

Ticarcillin, Carbenicillin, Piperacillin

Back 7

extend spectrum PCN

Hint 7

Takes Care of Pseudomonas: TCP

Front 8

Cephalosporin

Back 8

Block transpeptidase
(same as PCN)

Hint 8

1st: (+) & Proteus E. coli Klebsiella: PEK ph faz 2nd: (-)(+) Haemophilus Enterobacter, Neisseria, Serratia, Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella; HENS PEK fox fur tea 3rd: more (-)ceftazidine: Pseudomonas ceftriaxone: Gonorrhea t's 4th: more (-) fe 6 member ring, 10% cross rxn to PCN Sulfiram rxn with EtOH

Front 9

Monobactam

Back 9

same as PCN, B-lactamase resist

Hint 9

G (-), aerobic rod, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas Serratia NOT EFFECTIVE AGAINT G(+) and ANAEROBES

Front 10

Carbaprenems

Back 10

similar to PCN, C6 allows it to resist B-lactamase

Hint 10

Broadest spectrum: drug of choice for Eneterobacter side effects:Dehydropeptidase breaks down in kidneys, usually given with cilastatin to prevent degradation

Front 11

Clavulanic Acid, sulbactam, tazobactam

Back 11

B-lactamase inhibitors

Hint 11

hospital acquired pneumonia, anaerobic and pseudomonas

Front 12

Vancomycin

Back 12

bind D-Ala D-Ala prev transglycosylation

Hint 12

G (+) side effectOtotoxic Nephrotoxic Thrombophlebitis (flushing): NOT a problem at high concentration, occasional chills fever rash

Front 13

Bacitracin

Back 13

block final dephos of phospholipid carrier n-acetylmuramyl

Hint 13

G (+)topical

Front 14

Phosphomycin

Back 14

blocks conversion of n-acetylglucosamide to muramic acid

Hint 14

G (+)

Front 15

Tetracycline, doxycycline

Back 15

blocks 30s

Hint 15

Vibrio, Acne, Chlamydia, Ureaplasm, Urealyticum, Mycoplasma, Tularemia, Helicobacter, Borrelia, Richettsia: VACUUM THe Bed Room chelation of Ca inhib bone formation, phototoxicity, gi disturbances. DON’T TAKE WITH MILK OR USE IN PREGANT WOMEN, NURSING MOTHERS, CHILDREN <6

Front 16

Glycylcycline (tigecycline)

Back 16

block 30s

Hint 16

same as tetracycline

Front 17

Aminoglycoside, Gentamycin, Neomycin, Amikacin, Tobramycin, Streptomycin (GNATS)

Back 17

block 30s prevent codon/anticodon recognition

Hint 17

G(-) aerobe and enterics side effects: Nephrotoxic, Ototoxic, Teratogen: NOT curare-like effect (nicotinic antagonist)

Front 18

Aminocyclitol

Back 18

blocks 30s

Hint 18

PCN resist gonococcal

Front 19

Chloramphenical

Back 19

50s peptidyl transferase

Hint 19

never 1st choice, bacterial meningitis, ricketsial infection in children and preg women, topical bonemarrow depression APLASTIC ANEMIA, GRAY BABY due to deficient gluronyl-transferase

Front 20

Lincosamide(Clindamycin)

Back 20

50s

Hint 20

Anaerobes, G(+) PCN/Cef allegic, toxoplasma gondii pseudomembranous colitis

Front 21

Macrolide

Back 21

50s

Hint 21

G (+) cocci except enterococci, often alternative for PCN allergy inhib CYP3A4 drug interactions

Front 22

Ketolides

Back 22

50s translocation

Hint 22

macrolide resist G (+), bact sinusitis, community acq pneumonia, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis same as macrolides, QT prolongation arythmia

Front 23

Streptogramins

Back 23

50s

Hint 23

MRSA, VREF, multidrug resist pneumococcus (does not work on E. faecalis) side effects are same as macrolides

Front 24

Linezolid

Back 24

50s

Hint 24

severe G (+), MRSA skin infection, VREF bacteremia diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bone marrow depression

Front 25

Daptomycin

Back 25

depletes membrane potential

Hint 25

G (+)elevated CPK

Front 26

Polypeptides

Back 26

destroy membrane

Hint 26

G (-) aerobic rod side effects are nephro/neurotoxic if systemic

Front 27

Quinolones

Back 27

DNA gyrase

Hint 27

Broad (penetrates biofilm) ventricular tach, inhib GABA when combined with NSAIDS => seizure

Front 28

Rifampin

Back 28

RNA syn

Hint 28

G (+) (-) cocci, enteric, chlamydia, mycobacteria RRRR: RNA polymerase, Revs up P450, Red/orange body fluids, Rapid resistane if used alone. liver damage turns urine and tears red and enhance degradation of oral contraceptive

Front 29

Isoniazid (INH)

Back 29

inhib mycolic acid syn

Hint 29

mycobacteria side effects: competes w/ pyridoxal phosphate decrease GABA which leads to seizures and also causes hepatotoxic, hematological, arthritic. Injures Neurons and Hepatocytes: INH

Front 30

Ethambutol

Back 30

mycolic acid incorp

Hint 30

mycobacteria TB impaired green vision optic neuritis

Front 31

Cycloserine

Back 31

block D-ala racemase and lygase

Hint 31

2nd line for TB, clinical trials for Schizo headache depression convulsion

Front 32

Clofazamine

Back 32

inhib template function of DNA

Hint 32

dapsone resistant leprosy skin discoloration, tears and feces turn red