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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Arterioles
Predominant tone effect of gangionic blockage |
- Sympathetic (adrenergic)
- Vasodilation; increased peripheral blood flow; hypotension |
|
Veins
Predominant tone effect of gangionic blockage |
- Sympathetic (adrenergic
- Dilation; peripheral pooling of blood; decreased venous return; decreased cardiac output |
|
heart
Predominant tone effect of gangionic blockage |
- Parasympathetic (cholinergic)
- Tachycardia |
|
iris
Predominant tone effect of gangionic blockage |
- Parasympathetic (cholinergic)
- Mydriasis |
|
ciliary muscles
Predominant tone effect of gangionic blockage |
- Parasymapthetic (cholinergic)
- Cycloplegia—focus to far vision |
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GI
Predominant tone effect of gangionic blockage |
- Parasymapthetic (cholinergic)
- Reduced tone and motility; constipation; decreased gastric and pancreatic secertions |
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Urinary bladder
Predominant tone effect of gangionic blockage |
- Parasympathetic (cholinergic)
- urinary retention |
|
Salivary glands
Predominant tone effect of gangionic blockage |
- Parasympathetic (cholinergic)
- Xerostomia |
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Sweat glands
Predominant tone effect of gangionic blockage |
- Sympathetic (cholinergic)
- Anhidrosis |
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Parasympathetic outflow
|
Craniosacral
|
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sympathetic outflow
|
Thoracolumbar
|
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Parasympathetic Ganglia
|
At or near organ
|
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sympathetic Ganglia
|
Paravertebral, prevertebral
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Parasympathetic Pre:post fibers
|
Long preganglionic
Short postganglionic |
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sympathetic Pre:post fibers
|
Short preganglionic
Long postganglionic |
|
Parasympathetic distribution
|
- More limited
- branching more localized - pre:post - Some 1:1; some (gut) l:8,000 |
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sympathetic distribution
|
- Throughout body
- Branches up and down ganglionic chains - pre:post - 1:20 or more - overlap Pre:post 3:1 |
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Parasympathetic Discharge
|
Discreet, localized
|
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sympathetic Discharge
|
Diffuse discharge
|
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Parasympathetic NT release
|
Ach from from preganglionic
Ach from from postganglionic |
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sympathetic NT release
|
Ach from from preganglionic
NE from from postganglionic |
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Parasympathetic Postsynaptic receptors
|
- Nicotinic at ganglia
- muscarine on postsynaptic effector |
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sympathetic Postsynaptic receptors
|
- Nicotinic at ganglia
- Alpha, Beta Adrenergic on postsynaptic effector |
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Parasympathetic Resting tone
|
Housekeeping
|
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Sympathetic Resting tone
|
Always active - degree varies from moment to moment and organ to organ
|
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Parasympathetic Massive discharge
|
None
|
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Sympathetic Massive discharge
|
During stress; fight or flight
|
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Autonomic nerves
|
- 2-neuron relay
– preganglionic (myelinated) leaves CNS and synapses with 2nd, postganglionic (unmyelinated) at ganglion - organs innervated by ANS have a degree of spontaneous activity - some function remains if nerves cut |
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Visceral afferent nerves
|
- carry sensory info back to CNS via periperal nerves
- form sensory arm of reflex arcs that control fcns like BP, resp, and other interrelated organ fcns |
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Somatic motor nerves
|
- myelinated axons that pass from CNS, through SC, and out to the SkM via peripheral nerve trunks
- no synapses except to the SkM outside CNS - SkMs depend totally on nervous control |
|
central ANS
|
- hypo - you know
- medulla - controls vasomotor (BP) - higher centers - limbic anc cortex |
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Acetylcholine
|
- released by
- Pre neurons at all autonomic ganglia - pre neurons innervating the adrenal medulla - post para neurons - Somatic motor neurons (but not part of ANS) |
|
Nicotinic recptors
|
located on
- post neurons at all autonomic ganglia - Adrenal medulla cells (a modified ganglia) - and SkM (not part of ANS) |
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muscarinic receptors
|
located on post para
|
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Adrenergic transmission
|
- NE is released by post symp neurons
– EPI is release by adrenal medulla - both interact w/ Alpha and Beta receptors |
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baroreceptor afferents
|
- through the vagus and glosso nerves to vasomotor center of medulla oblongata
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baroreceptor efferents
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- sympathetic fibers innervating the arterial resistance vessels
- symp and parasymp fibers innervating the heart |