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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absorption
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the movement of drug particles from the GI tract to body fluids
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Cumulative effect
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occurs when the drug is metabolized or excreted more slowly than the rate at which it is being administered
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distribution
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the process by which the drub becomes available to body fluids and body tissues
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Metabolism
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drugs transformed by hepatic enzymes to inactive, metabolites or h2o soluble substances for secretion
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How is Absorption REDUCED?
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villi decreased b/c drug effect, disease. Poor circulation, pain, stress, food, exercise
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How is Absorption INCREASED?
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Drugs given IM
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Therapeutic index
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estimates the margine of safety of a drug through the use of a ratio that measures the effective dose in 50% of humans and animals and the leathal dose in 50% in animals the closer the ration to 1 the greater the toxicity
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Therapeutic range
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should be between the minimum effective concentration in the plasma for obtaining desired drug action and the minimum toxic concentration
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peak drug levels
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the highest plasma concentration of a drug at a specific time (PO occurs w/in 1-3 hrs. IV w/in 10 min)
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Trough level
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the lowest plasma concentration of a drug, measures the rate at which the drug is eliminated
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Components of a drug order
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Date and time. drug name. drug does. route. frequency and duration. special instructions. signature
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IntraDermal (ID) injection
Needle Size |
26-27 gauge
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SubQ
Needle Size |
25-27 gauge, 1/2-5/8 inches
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IM
Needle Size |
20-23 gauge, 1-1.5 inches
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IV
Needle Size |
20-21 gauge, 1-1.5 inches
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Z track
Needle Size |
20-23 gauge, 1-1.5 inches
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