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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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wet gum -english mtd -o/w
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fixed oil (4):h20(2);acacia(1)
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dry gum-continental mtd -
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oil:acacia:h20
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Inc electrolytes
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crack emulsion
soln: add last and in a dilute form |
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bottled mtd
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variation of dry gum mtd used for volatile oils
oil+acacia (btl) oil(3):h20(2): acacia(1) or 2:1:1 |
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requires a inc proportion of acacia
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low viscosity of volatile oils
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nascent soap (o/w or w/0)
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mix eq vol of oil and aq soln (alkali)
emulsifying agt |
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olive oil
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oleic acid
free fatty acid |
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waves
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high melting pt oil miscible ing
melted before low mp ing are added |
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oil
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low melting pt ing
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70-80 degree
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heated at this temp(emulsion)
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resultant emulsion
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stage wherein heat labile or volatile ing r incorporated
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improve homogeneity and stability of prdt
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hand homogenizer
immersion blender |
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proc w/ no problem during incorporation of emulsion
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- addition of drug during emulsion dormation
- addition of oleaginous materials to a w/o emulsion - addition of aq materials to an o/w emulsion - addition of small quantities of alcoholic soln to an o/w emulsion - addition of crystalline drugs wo a w/o emulsion |
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problematic proce in incorporation of emulsions
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- addition of drug to a predormed emulsion
- addition of oleaginous material to an o/w emulsion - addition of h20 or an aq material to a w/o emulsion |
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ointments
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semisolid prep=> external use
easily spread |
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use of oint
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emollients (pliable skin)
protective barriers (prevent subs from coming in contact w/ skin) |
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ointment bases
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oleadinous base
absorption base emulsion base h20 sol base |
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oleaginous base
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anhydrous
insoluble in h20 cannot absorb or contain h20 not washable in h20 |
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ex of oleaginous base
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petrolatum
synthetic esters lanolin deriv |
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petrolatum
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good base for oil insoluble ing
forms occlusive films on skin absorbs less than 5% h20 under normal conditions does not become rancid |
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wax
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stiffen base
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synthetic esters
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use as constituents of oleaginous base
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ex of synthetic esters
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glyceryl monostearate
isopropyl myristate isopropyl palmitate butyl stearate butyl palmitate |
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long chain alc
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cetyl alc
stearyl acl PEG |
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lonilin derv
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used in topical and cosmetic prep
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ex of lanolin deriv
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lanolin oil
hydrogenated lanolin |
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absorption bases
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anhydrous
h20 insol not washable in h20 can absorb h20 permit h20 sol medicaments to be incl thru prior soln and uptake as internal phase |
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ex of absorption bases
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wool fat
hydrophilic petrolatum |
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wool fat
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anhydrous lanolin contains high % of cholesterol as well as esters and alc that contain fatty acids
absorbs 2x its wgt in h20 and melts between 36 deg and 42 deg |
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hydrophilic petrolatum
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white pet + 8% beeswax + 3% stearyl acl + 3% cholesterol
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aquaphor
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uses woll alc to render white petrolatum emulsifiable
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emulsion bases
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hydrous wool fat
cold cr hydrophilic ointment vanishing cr |
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other emulsion bases
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dermovan
unibase |
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emulsion bases definition
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w/0 emulsions
h20 insol not washable in h20 aq internal phase |
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hydrous wool fat (lanolin)
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w/o emul
25% h20 emollient occlusive film on skin |
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occlusive
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prevent water loss
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cold cr
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w/o emulsion
melt white wax spermaceti expressed almond oil + hot aq soln of sod borate |
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mineral oil
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more stable than almond oil
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almond oil cold cr
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better emollient base
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hydrophilic oint
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o/w emulsion
sod lauryl sulfate(emulsifying agt) absorbs 30-50% w/out losing consistency readily miscible in h20 easily removes from skin |
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vanishing cr
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o/w emulsion
large percentage of h20 humectant |
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humectant
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glycerin
propylene glycol |
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retards moisture loss
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humectant
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stearic acid excess
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helps to form thin film when h20 evaporates
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dermovan
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hypoallergenic
greaseless emulsion base |
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unibase
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nongreasy emulsion base
absorbs 30% of its wgt in h20 pH close to skin |
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water soluble bases
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anhydrous
contain some water washable and absorb h20 |
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ex of h20 soluble bases
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peg oint
propylene glycol propylene gly-ethanol |
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peg ointment
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blend of water soluble polyethylene glycol -> semi solid base
solubilize h20 sol drugs contains 40% peg 3350 60% peg 400 fusion mtd stiffer base -> inc amt of peg 3350 to 60% |
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propylene flycol and propylene glycol ethanol
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clear gel when mixed with 2% hydroxypropylcellulose
popular dermatologic vehicle |
