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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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perspective |
way of looking at the world |
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theory |
set of interrelated propositions/princples designed to answer question or explain a particular phenomenon, provides us with perspective STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONALIST, CONFLICT, SYMBOLIC PERSPECTIVE |
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structural-functionalist perspective |
Herbert Spencer, Emile Durheim, Talcott Parsons, Robert Merton "society is a system of interconnected parts that work together in harmony to maintain a state of balance and social equilibrium for the whole" emphasize interconnectedness of society by focusing on how each part influences and is influenced by other parts edu: society skills, knowledge, culture to youth politics: means of governing members of society economics: production, distribution, consumption of goods and services religion: moral guidance, worship higher power |
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types of functions |
MANIFEST consequences that are inteded and commonly recognized of edu is to transit knowledge and skills o society's youth LATENT consequences unintended and often hidden |
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social pathology |
social problems rising from "sickness" in society crimes, violence, poverty, juvenile delinquency: breakdown of family institution, decline of religious institution, inadequacies in economic, edu, political instution |
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social disorganization |
rapid social change disrupts norms weak norms = society state of ANOMIE normlessness: stealing, physical abuse, drug abuse, rape, deviant behavior norm for teen drinking anomie in preventing underaged drinking |
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confict perspective |
society is composed of diff groups and interests competing power and resources groups have poswer and benefit from a particular social arrangement a hierarchical system of organization: men over women
HAVES & HAVE-NOTS beneficial to owners of means of production: workers earn only susitence wages, denied access to resources available to wealthy |
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Karl Marx |
all societies go through stages of economic development: religion "opiate of the masses" soothes distress and suffer associated w/ working class lifestyle, spirituality |
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Marxist Conflict Theories |
social problems result from class inequality inherent in a capitalistic system "a system of haves and have-nots may be beneficial to the haves byt not often translates into poverty for havenots" = impoverished class capitlism: corporate ciolence - actual harm or risk of harm inflicted on consumers, worker, public as result of decisions by corporate |
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alienation |
powerlessness and meaninglessness in people's lives having less control = loneliness |
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non-marxist conflict |
Ralf Dahrendorf conflict arises when groups have opposing values and interess "diff value positions reflect diff subjective interpretations of what constitues a social problem" *social problem is not conflict itself but way that it is expressed solution is ensuring conflicting groups understand each other's views, resolving diff through negotiations / mediations aggreeing to disagree: win-win |
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symbolic interactionist perspective |
MACROSOCIOLOGY big pic, board aspects influence social world MICROSOCIOLOGY social psychological dynamics of individuals interating in small groups: symbolic interactions perspective *MAX WEBER, GEORG SIMMEL, CHALRLES HORTON COOLEY, GH MEAD, WI THOMAS, ERVING GOFFMAN, HOWARD BECKER *human behavior is influenced by definitions and meaning that are created and maintainted through symbolic interaction with others |
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WI thomas |
1931/1966 importance of def and meanings in social behavior and its consequences human respond to def of situation rather than to objective situation "real in consequence" |
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Charles Horton Cooley |
social interaction shapes our identity/sense of self how others view us= reflection of ourselves "looking-glass self" |
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Max Weber |
VERSTEHEN (german-to understand) to understand individual and group behavior, social scientists must see the world through the eye of individual/group: symbols, values, attitudes, beliefs |
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Herbert Blumer |
1971 social problems develop in stages 1. societal recognition-process by which social problem is born 2. social legitimation- social problem achievese recognition by larger community (media, school, churches) 4. mobilization for action- concern on how to respond 5. development and implementation of an official plan- deal with issue |
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labeling theory |
major symbolic interactionist theory of social problems, suggest that social condition /group view as problem if labeled resolution: changing meanings and def tht attributed to people and situations |
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social constructionism |
symbolic interactionist theory: individual who interpret the social world around them socially construct realty SOCIAL CREATION vs OBJECIVE GIVEN origin and evolution of social problems |
