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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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“Some truths about God exceed all the ability of human reason….But there are some truths which the natural reason is also able to reach and have been proved demonstratively by philosophers guided by the light of natural reason”
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AQUINAS, SUMA THEOLOGIA
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“It is possible to find a practical philosophy, by means which…we might be able..to render ourselves , as it were, masters and possessors of nature”
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DESCARTES, DISCOURSE ON METHOD
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“For the end of..science…is the invention…of art…not of probably reasons but of designations and directions for works. And as the intention is different so is the effect. The effect of one being to overcome an opponent of argument, of the other to command nature in action.”
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BACON, The Great Instauration
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“Therefore the moment you begin to have faith you learn that all things in you are altogether blameworthy, sinful and damnable”
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Luther, On Christian Liberty
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“So a rule need not have all the positive qualities I listed earlier, but he must seem to have them”
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Machiavelli, The Prince
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“No man that hath sovereign power can justly be put to death, or otherwise in any manner by his subjects punished. For seeing every subject is author of the actions of his soverign, he punisheth another for the actions commited by himself”
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Hobbes, Leviathan
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“Of course, if all men were good, this would be bad, but since men are wicked and will not keep faith with you, you need not keep faith with them”
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Machiavelli, The Prince
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“It is manifest that during the time men live without a common power to keep them all in awe, they are in that condition which is called war, and such a war as is of every man against every man”
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Hobbes, Leviathan
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“Am I so tied to a body and to the senses that I cannot exist without them? But I have persuaded myself that there is absolutely nothing in the world: no sky, no earth, no minds, no bodies. Is it then the case that I too do not exist? But doubtless I did exist if I persuaded myself of something…I must finally be established that this pronouncement, “I am, I exist” is necessarily true every time I utter it or conceive it in my mind”
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Descartes, Meditation
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“The life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short”
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Hobbes, Leviathan
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“The labour that was mine, removing [things] from out of that common state were in, hath fixed my property in them. [Man’s] labour hath taken it out of the hands of nature, where it was common, and belonged equally to all her children, and hath thereby appropriated it to himself”
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Bacon, Treatise on Government
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“As for Philosophers, they make imaginary laws for imaginary commonwealths; and their discourses are as the stars, which give little light because they are so high”
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Bacon, Handout
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“Each one began to look at the others and to want to be looked at himself, and public esteem value. The one who sang or danced the best, the handsomest, the strongest, the most adroit or the most eloquent became the most highly regarded. And this was the first step toward inequality and, at the same time, toward vice”
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Rousseau, Discourse on Origin of Inequality
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“Let us then examine this point, and let us say: ‘’Either God is or he is not.’ But to which view shall we be inclined? Reason cannot decide this question. Infinite chaos separates us. At the far end of this infinite distance a coin is being spun which will come down heads or tails. How will you wager? Reason cannot make you choose either. Reason cannot prove either wrong….But you must wager. There is no choice, you are already committed.
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Pascal, Pensees
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“I mean by antagonism the asocial sociability of man….Man has marked propensity to isolate himself because he findsin himself the asocial quality to want to arrange everything according to his own ideas. He therefore expects resistance everywhere…This resistance awakens all the latent forces in man which drive him to overcome his propensity to be lazy and so, impelled by…ambition and avarice, he seeks to achieve a standing among his fellows, whom he does not suffer gladly, but whom he cannot leave”
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Kant, Idea for Universal History
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“The man accustomed to the ways of society is always outside himself and knows how to live only in the opinions of others. And it is, as it were, from their judgement alone that he draws the sentiment of his own existence…how with everything reduced to appearances, everything becomes factitious and bogus: honor, friendship, virtue, and often even our vices…;how in a word, always asking there’s what we are and never daring to question ourselves on this matter, in the midst of so much philosophy, humanity, politeness, sublime maxims, we have merely a deceirful and frivolous exterior…”
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Discourse on Origin of Inequality
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“If we now attend to ourselves in any transgression of a duty, we find that we actually do not will that our maxim should become a universal law…but rather that the opposite of this maxim should remain a law universally. We only take the liberty of making an exception of the law for ourselves (or just this one time) to the advantage of our inclination.”
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Kant, Groundwork on Metaphysics of Moral
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“The relation of the individual to the Spirit of a people is such that he appropriates to himself this substantive being, so that it becomes his character and capability, enabling him to be something in the world. The individual discovers the being of his people as a firm world, already there, into which he must incorporate himself.”
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Hegel, Philosophy of History
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“Since [man’s] true nature has been lost, anything can become his nature, similarly true good being lost, anything can become his true good.”
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Pascal, Pensees
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“It is the essence of Spirit to act, to make itself explicitly into what it already is implicitly-to be its own deed, and its own work. Thus it becomes the object of its own attention so that its own existence is there for it to be conscious of.”
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Hegel, Philosophy of History
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“Man’s…Egotistic animal inclination misguides him into excluding himself where he can. Men therefore needs a master who can break man’s will and compel him to object a general will under which every man could be free. But where is he to get this master? Nowhere else but from mankind. But then this master is in turn an animal who needs a master.”
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Kant, Idea for Universal History
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“But as we contemplate history as the slaughter-bench upon which the happiness of nations, the wisdom of states, and the virtues of individuals were sacrificed, the question necessarily comes to mind: What was the ultimate goal for which these monstrous sacrifices were made.”
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Hegel, Philosophy of History
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