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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Big Five—Traits of Personality
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1. Emotional stability or instability
2. Extraversion or Introversion 3. Open (to new experiences) or Fixed 4. Agreeable or Aloof 5. Conscientiousness or Disorganized |
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Emotional stability or instability
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in other words
a. secure or insecure b. self satisfied or worried c. calm vs. anxious |
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Open (to new experiences) or Fixed
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a. imaginative vs. practical
b. variety vs. routine c. independent vs. conforming |
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Agreeable or Aloof
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a. soft hearted or tough
b. trusting or suspicious c. helpful or less cooperative |
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Conscientiousness or Disorganized
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a. organized or more haphazard
b. careful or careless c. disciplined or impulsive |
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Freud’s two assumptions
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- there is an unconscious mind
- mental events are caused (the mind always has a purpose) |
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Freud’s great contribution
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the power of the unconscious.
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“Child is father to the man.”
Freud |
-childhood influences determine adult personalities
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”We are all born polymorphous perverse.”
Freud |
-sex is highly motivating
-we will take sex any way we can get it |
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”Anatomy is destiny.”
Freud |
-male--*Oedipus complex
-female—*Electra complex *we want to have sex with the opposite sex parent and get rid of the same sex parent |
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Freud’s Psychoanalytical Theory: (3 things that are still useful today)
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Secondary Gains
Slips Defense Mechanisms |
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Secondary Gains
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Payoffs; hidden benefits within problems
eg: women hysterically paralyzed (Freud) -hidden benefits: sympathy and attention, also money |
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Slips
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Mistakes made reveal a deeper truth—unconscious slips
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Defense Mechanisms
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a necessary compromise in modern life
-conflict within ourselves leads to anxiety leads to defense |
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types of defense mechanisms
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Repression, Denial, Projection, Displacement, Identification, Reaction formation, Regression, Intellectualization, Rationalization,Sublimation
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Carl Rogers
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-humanist– (belief in potential)
-we are born good: with an actualizing tendency (AT)– to innately strive to become the person that we are meant to be. |
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Therapeutic Listening
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Empathy—feeling with client
Congruence—lack of pretense Unconditional positive regard positively regarding the person not judging or criticizing person feels nourished and can grow |
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Not Listening
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Advice
Reassurance Agreement Invalidation “Me, too!” |
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Fully-Functioning Person
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The Rogerian Ideal
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Repression
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motivated forgetting— the most important
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Identification
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—insecure w/i yourself, so be like someone else
Or w. the aggressor eg. Patty Hearst |
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Denial
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– getting off the hook– not my fault
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Projection
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—find your faults in other people
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Displacement
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—express emotion to wrong people or in
wrong place (eg. anger) |
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Intellectualization
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—using the intellect to deny emotion
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Regression
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—going back to an earlier time period when it was easier to cope
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Reaction formation
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—doing or showing the opposite of what
you really feel |
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Sublimation
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—channeling impulses into a socially
acceptable fashion |
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Rationalization
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—using excuses, justifications and reasons
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