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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General features of personality disorders? |
-relatively stable-enduring behavioral, emotional, and personal characteristcs -traits: Big-Five |
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Why are no changes made in DSM-5 about how personality disorders are diagnosed? |
Not enough research & studies |
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Three reasons for high frequency of misdiagnosis or pd? |
-diagnostic overlap between pd -person most likely coming in for other diagnosis - not defined or precise |
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Some difficulties of doing research on pd? |
-difficulties in diagnoses -difficulties in studying causes |
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Common characteristics of Cluster A |
Unusual distress such as distrust, suspiciousness, and social detachment |
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Common characteristics of Cluster B |
Tendency to be dramatic, emotional, and erratic |
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Common characteristics of Cluster C |
Anxiety, fearfulness |
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Schizoid PD |
- Don't need other people - Unable to form social relationships - LAck interest in doing so |
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Schizotypal PD |
-Avoidance, detachment - Relationships uncomfortable - cognitive and perceptual distortions |
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Paranoid PD |
- Pervasive suspicious and distrust of others - Interpersonal difficulties - See themselves as blameless |
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Antisocial PD |
Violate and show disregard for the rights of others through deceitful, aggressive, or antisocial behavior |
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Borderline PD |
impulsivity and instability in relationships, self-image, and moods - self-mutilation common -comorbid conditions common -high levels of childhood abuse -intense emotional response to environmental triggers |
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Narcissistic PD |
Exaggerated sense of self-importance, preoccupation with being admired, lack of empathy for feelings of others |
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Histrionic PD |
Excessive attention-seeking behavior and emotionality -Need to be center of attention lively, dramatic, and excessively extraverted |
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OCPD |
perfectionism and an excessive concern with maintaining order and control |
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Avoidant PD |
Show extreme social inhabitation and introversion -lifelong patterns of limited social relationships and reluctance to enter social situations |
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Dependent PD |
Extreme need to be taken care of, which leads to clinging and submissive behavior -fear at possibility of separation or simply being alone |
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Causal Factors |
-infancy temperament -psychodynamic explanation -cognitive-behavioral explanations -parental factors -Environmental factors |
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Why are PD resistant to therapy? |
Pervasive and persistent -pathalogical |
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Under what circumstances do individuals with PD get involved in psychotherapy? |
At someone else's insistence -Do not believe they need to change |
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Effectiveness of treatments for borderline PD |
DBT works best- elements of CBT in it |
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Dialectical behavior therapy |
Encourage patients to accept negative affect in borderline pd -individual and group change problematic behavior patterns |
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psychpathy |
Not a PD but a trait
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Factor 1 |
-Superficial charm -self-worth -manipulative -lack of guilt shallow affect lack of empathy |
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Factor 2 |
-Need for stimulation -parasitic lifestyle -poor behavioral control -lack of realistic goals -impulsivity - irrepsonsibility
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Biological factors for antisocial and psychopathy |
-less activity in amygdala -specific genes -- D4 dopamine receptor gene --lower levels of serotonin |
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Treatments and outcomes for Antisocial PD |
electrocompulsive therapy and drugs CBT little motivation to take meds factors seem to decline after age 40 |
