Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Personality
|
A characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving that is unique to each individual and remains relatively constant over time and situations
|
|
|
Idiographic Approach
|
Focuses on creating detailed descriptions of a specific person’s unique personality characteristics
|
|
|
Nomothetic Approach
|
Examine personality in large groups of people with the aim of making generalizations about personality structure
|
|
|
Personality trait
|
A person’s habitual pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving
|
|
|
Factor analysis
|
Is used to group items that people respond to similarly
|
|
|
Five Factor model
|
A trait-based theory of personality based on the finding that personality can be described using five major dimensions – Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism
|
|
|
HEXACO model of personality
|
A six factor theory that generally replicates the five factors of FFM and adds one additional factor; Honesty-Humility
|
|
|
The Dark Triad
|
Refers to three traits; Machiavellianism, psychopathy and narcissism
|
|
|
Right-Wing Authoritarianism
|
A highly problematic set of personality characteristics that involve three key tendencies –
Obeying orders and deferring to the established authorities in a society Supporting aggression against those who dissent or differ from the established social order Believing strongly in maintaining the existing social order |
|
|
State
|
A temporary physical or psychological engagement that influences behavior
|
|
|
Reciprocal determinism
|
Behavior, internal(personal) factors and external(situational) factors interact to determine one another, and that our personalities are based on interactions among these three aspects
|
|
|
Conscious mind
|
Your current awareness, containing everything you are aware of right now
|
|
|
Unconscious mind
|
A much more vast and powerful but inaccessible part of your consciousness, operating without your conscious endorsement or will to influence and guide your behaviors
|
|
|
Id
|
Represents a collection of basic biological drives, including those directed toward sex and aggression
|
|
|
Superego
|
Is comprised of our values and moral standards
|
|
|
Ego
|
The decision maker, frequently under tension, trying to reconcile the opposing urges of the superego and id
|
|
|
Defense mechanisms
|
Unconscious strategies the ego uses to reduce or avoid anxiety
|
|
|
Fixation
|
Becoming preoccupied with obtaining the pleasure associated with a particular stage
|
|
|
The oral stage
|
Actions of mouth sucking, chewing, swallowing
|
|
|
Anal
|
Bowel elimination, control
|
|
|
Phallic
|
Genitals
|
|
|
Latency
|
External activities
|
|
|
Genital
|
Sexual activities with others
|
|
|
Projective tests
|
Personality tests in which ambiguous images are presented to an individual to elicit responses that reflect unconscious desires or conflicts
|
|
|
Rorschach inkblot test
|
People are asked to describe what they see on an inkblot. And psychologists interpret this description using a standardized scoring and interpretation method
|
|
|
Thematic Apperception Test
|
Asks respondents to tell stories about ambiguous pictures involving various interpersonal situations
|
|
|
Analytical Psychology
|
Focuses on the unconscious archetypes in personality development
|
|
|
Personal unconscious
|
A vast repository of experiences and patterns that are absorbed during the entire experiential unfolding of the person’s life
|
|
|
Collective unconscious
|
A separate, non-personal realm of the unconscious that holds the collective memories of human kind, stretching deep into our ancestors past
|
|
|
Archetypes
|
Images and symbols that reflect common “truths” held across cultures such as universal life experiences or types of people
|
|
|
Inferiority complex
|
The struggle many people have with feelings of inferiority, which stem from experiences of helplessness and powerlessness during childhood
|
|
|
Person-centered perspective
|
People are basically good, and given the right environment their personality will develop fully and normally
|
|
|
Self-actualization
|
The drive to grow and fulfill ones potential
|
