Perry Study Guide Chapter 42 Cognitive And Sensory Impairment

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School Vision

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Also referred to as partially sighted; refers to visual acuity between 20/70 and 20/200; usually allows child to obtain an education in the standard public school system with the use of normal sized print.

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Deaf

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Refers to a person whose hearing disability precludes successful processing of linguistic information through audition, with or without a hearing aide.

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Teletypewriters/telecommunications devices for the deaf (TDD)

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Equipment used to help deaf people communicate with each other over the phone.

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Visual impairment

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Visual loss that cannot be corrected with regular prescription lenses.

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Hard-of-hearing

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Referes to a person who, generally with the use of a hearing aid, has residual hearing sufficient to enable successful processing of linguistic information through audition.

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Hearing impairment

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A disability that may range in severity from mild to profound and includes the subsets of deaf and hard-of-hearing; one of the most common disabilities in the US.

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Aphasia

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Inability to express ideas in any form, either written or verbally.

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Fragile Site

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A region found in chromosome analysis that fails to condense during mitosis and is characterized by a nonstaining gap or narrowing,

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Agnosia

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The inability to interpret sound correctly.

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Expressive Skills

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The facial muscle coordination part of speech

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Dysacusis

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Difficulty in processing details or discrimination amoung sounds.

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Closed captioning

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Technique in which the transmission of the audio portion of a television program is translated into subtitles that appear on the screen.

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Receptive skills

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The hearing and interpretation skills of speech.

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Decibel

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A unit of loudness measured at various frequencies; used to express the degree of hearing impairment.

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Task analysis

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Learning through a step-by-step process in which each step of a skill is taught completely before proceeding to the next level.

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Trainable cognitive impariment

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Generally equivalent to children with moderate levels of cognitive impairment; accounts for approximately 10% of the cognitively impaired population.

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Hearing threshold level

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The measurement of an individual's hearing impairment by means of an audiometer.

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Educable cognitive impairment

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Corresponds to the mildly impaired group, which constitutes approximately 85% of all people with cognitive impairment.

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American sign language (ASL) / British sign language (BSL)

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A visual-gesterual language using hand signals that roughly correspond to specific words and concepts in the English written language.

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Legal blindness

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Visual acuity of 20/100 or less and/or a visual field of 2- degrees or less in the better eye; not a medical diagnosis; a legal definition that allows special considerations with regard to taxes, entrance into special school, eligibility for aid, and other benefits.

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Cognitive impairment

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A general term for any type of mental difficult or deficiency.

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Refraction

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Refers to the bending of light rays as they pass through the lens of the eye

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The classification system for cognitive impairment allows for?

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identification of needs in four care dimensions

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Acquiring social skills for the cognitively impaired child includes

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Teaching acceptable sexual behavior
Exposing the child to strangers
Greeting visitors

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Another acceptable name for trisomy 21 is

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Down Syndrome

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Fragile X syndrom is

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the most common inherited cause of mental retardation

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Conductive hearing loss in children is most ofter a result of

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recurrent serous otitis media

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In the assessment of an infant to identify whether a haring impairment has developed, the nurse would look for

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consistent lack of the startle reflex

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In the assessment of a child to identify whether a hearing impairment has developed, the nurse would look for

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A loud monotone voice

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Glaucoma

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Increased intraocular pressure

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Strabismus

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Squinted or cross eyes

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Anisometropia

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Different refractive strength in each eye

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Astigmatism

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Unequal curvatures in refractive apparatus

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Cataracts

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Opacity of crystalline lens

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Hyperopia

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Farsightedness

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Amblyopia

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Lazy eye

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Myopia

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Nearsightedness

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Clinical manifestions of retinoblastoma include:

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white eye reflex
strabismus
red, painful eye, often with glaucoma