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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Virchow’s triad describe the 3 categories of factors that are thought to contribute to thrombosis |
Hypercoagulable state Hemodynamic change Endothelium injury/dysfunction |
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What is hypercoagulable state |
Blood tends to clot to much |
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Hemodynamics changes |
Venous stasis blood pools in the veins |
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Vein wall injury |
Endothelium of the veins is damaged exposing the sub endothelium to blood triggering platelet adhesion |
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What are 14 risk factors |
Age Malignancy DVT or PE Imobilization Fracture ChF Pregnancy Oral contraceptives Extensive dissection Trauma Hereditary factors Obesity Central line I’ve drug abuse |
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Major factor |
Muscle contractions squeeze the vein to keep flow against gravity to heart |
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How does respirations affect blood return to the heart |
During respiratory inspiration the venous return increases because of a decrease in the right arterial pressure the opposite occurs during expiration |
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What is hydrostatic pressure |
A minor factor |
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What holds up blood during respiration’s |
Valves |
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Hypercoagulable states |
Hereditary factors Antithrombin deficiency Protein S a deficiency Protein C deficiency |
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Endothelium injury |
Trauma Line placement Fracture Dissection |
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Hemodynamics name 6 |
Age CHF Line placement Pregnancy Obesity Immobility |
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Signs and symptoms |
Swelling Redness/ feverish Venous distension Homans sign |
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Svt |
Palpable cord Local erythema, pain |
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PE |
Dyspnea Chest pain Cough. Hemoptysis Sweats |
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Front (Term) |
Hshsh |
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What are the 3 calf veins |
Posterior tibial, anterior, peroneal |
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Popliteal |
Joining Ptv, Atv. Pero |
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Femoral vein |
Originates at the adductor as the popliteal flows through distal femoral |
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Deep femoral aka what |
Profunds femoris |
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Deep femoral drains the what part of the thigh |
Proximal |
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Greater sapheral vein drains |
Cfv |
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Exterternal iliac formed as CFC courses through what ligament |
Inguinal |
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The compression of the left common iliac vein by the artery is called what |
May Thurner syndrome |
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Common femoral vein changes with |
Respiration’s |
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When it comes to an upper extremity what is considered superficial veins |
Basilic, so phallic, medial cubital vein |
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What is considered a deep vein in the upper extremity anatomy |
Brachial, subclavian, jugular, radio, ulnar , axillary |
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Cephalic vein’s run superficial along what part of the arm |
Lateral |
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Basilic vein’s join at what |
Exhilaration or sometimes brachial vein’s usually best visualize at the anti-cubital region on the medial side of the forearm |
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Basilic vein’s are usually best visualized at what region |
Anti-cubital region |
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What is spontaneous flow |
Flow is present without augmentation |
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What is respiratory phasicity |
Blood flow changes with respirations |
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What is augmentation |
Blood flow velocity increases with the distal limb compression |
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What three things describe abnormal venous Doppler interpretation |
Vein lumen partially filled – partially compresses, veins is filled with intraluminal it goes – does not compress, absence of color – Doppler signal |
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What is a D diameter |
It’s a lab test that can be used to detect fibrin in specific degradation. |
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The D Diamer Cannot specifically identify what |
Specify where thrombus was formed and may cause other things to elevate besides a deep vein Thrombosis |
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A well score and algorithms Has a score a list name All 10 |
Active cancer, paralysis, bedridden, localized tenderness, entire leg swollen, calf swelling at least 3 cm larger than the asymptomatic side, pitting Odema, superficial vein’s, previous documented deep vein thrombosis, and alternated of diagnosis is at least likely likely |
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The purpose of vein mapping is to determine what |
Stability for use of a bypass |
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Lower extremity superficial veins are commonly used for what |
Coronary bypass graft or a lower extremity bypass |
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The upper extremity be mapping is commonly needed for what |
Dialysis access |
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Vascular surgeons can usually use the vessel if it is what |
Thrombus free and 2-2.5 mm or a larger |
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Venous reflux testing when these valves become damage what will happen |
The vessels and valves will not close properly which will cause chronic venous insufficiency |
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Competent Vowell’s can cause what |
Chronic venous insufficiency |
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Symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency are what three things |
Swelling, skin becomes hard leather feel to it, possible ulcers |
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The absence or presence of venous reflux is determined by what |
Doppler waveform |
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At the saphenifemoral Junction A Doppler wave is obtain the sample gate is What to the vessel |
Increases to the Of the vessel |
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Distal compression is applied any flow seen above the baseline or what is diagnosed as reflux |
For a greater than one second |
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What are five other Pathology |
Baker cyst, abscess, Lymph node, cellulitis, hematoma’s |
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Chronic venous insufficiency he is diagnosed by what |
Scanning major Venus sites saphenofemoral junction and looking for flow reversal in the spectral Doppler with Valsalva maneuver of proximal compression |
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Rouleau formation Is What |
Very sluggish flow seen as a hetero genius in ternal echoes moving within the vessels |
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Pause the tile Venus flow can be caused by what |
Just of heart failure |
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Pull the tile venous flow is easy to Doppler true or false |
False |
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What is this a picture of |
Rouleaub formation |
