Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what is the most common known cause of neuropathy?
|
diabetes
|
|
|
what is usually the first muscle to show clinical evidence of neuropathy?
|
extensor digitorum brevis - atrophies
|
|
|
T or F: a laboratory diagnosis of diabetes always preceeds diabetic neuropathy.
|
False; diabetic neuropathy can occur months before a lab diagnosis is made. this is called prediabetic neuropathy
|
|
|
what are small sensory fiber symptoms of neuropathy?
|
temperature alteration
pain prickling tingling |
|
|
what are large sensory fiber symptoms of neuropathy?
|
poor balance
altered vibratory sensation and proprioception |
|
|
list some autonoimic symptoms of neuropathies?
|
orthostatic hypotension
impotence GI dysmotility |
|
|
T or F: every neuropathy only involves one type of nerve fiber (will affect only muscle or only sensory or only autonomic)
|
false; neuropathies can affect any combination of different fiber types
|
|
|
what are 2 features of demyelinating neuropathies?
|
- myelin injury with secondary axonal injury
- weakness due to a conduction block |
|
|
what are 4 red flags that make you consider something other than a neuropathy?
|
- asymmetric or unilateral presentation
- motor predominant - upper extremity predominant - non-distal presentation |
|
|
which nerve fibers are large myelinated nerves?
|
- motor
- proprioception |
|
|
a 22 y/o presents to your office complaining of weakness in his legs that has been getting worse for the last 2 days. he also says that he has numbness and pain in his feet. physical exam shows all reflexes are absent. what is the most likely diagnosis?
|
Guillain Barre
|
|
|
what is the hallmark of Guillan Barre syndrome?
|
absent refllexes
|
|
|
Guillain Barre syndrome
|
a demyelinating polyneuropathy with rapid onset of weakness with or without sensory loss
- weakness is proximal to distal and may progress to quadriplegia - cranial nerves are often involved (~70% of cases) - autonomics may be involved |
|
|
what is albuminocytologic dissociation? is it diagnostic for anything?
|
- increased protein with normal amounts of cells
- it provides strong supportive evidence for Guillain Barre but is not diagnostic |
|
|
what is the prognosis for someone with Guillain Barre?
|
recovery to full or near-full strength is the rule unless there is severe demyelination that leads to axonal injury
|
|
|
who do we treat with plasma exchange therapy for Guillain Barre?
|
- patients with heart and renal failure
- patients that are IgA deficient - patient who are pregnant - patients with very recent onsets |
|
|
who do we treat with IV Ig therapy for Guillain Barre?
|
- patients with HIV
- children - patients with poor venous access - everyone when plasma exchange is not available |
|
|
which variant of Guillain Barre is Campylobacter pylori associated wtih?
|
axonal variant
|
