Perioperative Nursing Care

Front 1

Inpatient -

Back 1

Admitted to hospital

Front 2

Outpatient & Ambulatory -

Back 2

Has surgery and returns home the same day

Front 3

Autologous Donation -

Back 3

Bld. Donated by the patient

Front 4

Atelectasis -

Back 4

collapse of alveoli

Front 5

Dysuria -

Back 5

Painful urination

Front 6

Nocturia -

Back 6

awakening during the night to void

Front 7

Oliguria -

Back 7

Scant amount of urine

Front 8

PAT -

Back 8

Pre Admission Testing

Front 9

NPO -

Back 9

No eating, drinking, or smoking

Front 10

Hypovolemia -

Back 10

low B/P

Front 11

Endoscope -

Back 11

tube that allows viewing and manipulation of internal body areas

Front 12

Laparoscopes -

Back 12

used for abdominal surgery

Front 13

Arthroscopes -

Back 13

used for joint surgery

Front 14

Ureteroscopes -

Back 14

used for urinary tract surgery

Front 15

Insufflation -

Back 15

injecting air into body cavities to separate organs

Front 16

Nosocomial -

Back 16

Hospital acquired infection

Front 17

Anesthesia -

Back 17

negative sensation

Front 18

Analgesia -

Back 18

pain relief or suppression

Front 19

Emergence -

Back 19

recovery form anesthesia

Front 20

Myoglobinuria -

Back 20

presence of muscle protein in urine

Front 21

PACU -

Back 21

post anesthesia care unit - Ongoing evaluation & stabilization of pts. To anticipate, prevent, and treat complications after surgery

Front 22

DVT -

Back 22

Deep Vein Thrombosis

Front 23

Stridor or snoring -

Back 23

a high pitched crowing sound (occurs w/airway obstruction)

Front 24

Pulse deficit -

Back 24

difference between apical & peripheral pulses

Front 25

Debridement -

Back 25

removal of infected or dead tissue

Front 26

PCA -

Back 26

Pt. controlled analgesia

Front 27

Tissue Profusion -

Back 27

passage of bld. Through the vessels

Front 28

Hypovolemia -

Back 28

inadequate circulating bld. volume

Front 29

Patient Identification: Use 2

Back 29

Name, Birthdate, MR #, SS#

Front 30

Anticoagulants -

Back 30

affect blood coagulation time

Front 31

Tranquilizers -

Back 31

interact with anesthetics, increasing the risk of resp. depression

Front 32

Corticosteroids -

Back 32

interfere w/ wound healing and increase risk of inf.

Front 33

Diuretics -

Back 33

affect fluid and electrolyte balance

Front 34

Diagnostic

Back 34

Determines origin and cause

Front 35

Curative

Back 35

Resolves problem by repairing or removing cause

Front 36

Restorative

Back 36

Improves functional ability

Front 37

Palliative

Back 37

Relieves symptoms

Front 38

Cosmetic

Back 38

Alter or enhance appearance

Front 39

Elective

Back 39

Planned for correction

Front 40

Urgent

Back 40

Prompt Intervention -possibly life threatening if delayed more than 24-30 hrs

Front 41

Emergent

Back 41

Immediate Intervention - life threatening Consequences

Front 42

Minor

Back 42

w/o significant risk Local anesthesia

Front 43

Major

Back 43

Great risk Longer and more extensive

Front 44

Simple

Back 44

Only affected areas

Front 45

Radical

Back 45

Extensive, beyond area involved Directed at finding a root cause

Front 46

Minimally invasive

Back 46

Performed in body cavity with endoscope

Front 47

CBC -

Back 47

Hemoglobin and hemotocrit (oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

Front 48

WBC -

Back 48

immune function

Front 49

Electrolytes -

Back 49

evaluate fluid and electrolyte status

Front 50

Fasting Blood Sugars -

Back 50

diabetes

Front 51

BUN and Creatinine -

Back 51

renal function

Front 52

ALT, AST, LDH, and Bilirubin -

Back 52

liver function

Front 53

Serum albumin and total protein -

Back 53

nutritional status

Front 54

Urinalysis -

Back 54

determines composition, abnormal components, and inf.

Front 55

Chest X-Ray -

Back 55

resp. status and heart size

Front 56

EKG -

Back 56

preexisting cardiac problems

Front 57

Surgeon

Back 57

Assumes responsibility of procedure and any surgical decisions made

Front 58

Surgical Assistant, Surgical Tech., CRNFA, Physician Asst.,

Back 58

Under the direction of surgeon

Front 59

Anesthesiologist, CRNA

Back 59

Gives anesthetic agents, monitors cardiopulmonary function, vital signs, & intake and output, gives IV fluids including blood

Front 60

Holding Area Nurse

Back 60

Greet pts., review chart, signed consent, documents risk assessment, answers ?'s, and provides support

Front 61

Circulating Nurse

Back 61

Coordinates all events in OR, sets up OR, ensures all supplies are available, watches sterile fields, documents care, events, interventions, and findings. Maintains accurate count of needles, sponges, sharps, instruments, and amounts of irrigation fluid and drugs used. Notifies PACU of pts. arrival

Front 62

Scrub Nurse, Operating Room Tech, Surgical tech.

Back 62

Sets up sterile field, drapes pt., hands sterile instruments, equipment, and supplies to surgeon. Maintains accurate count of needles, sponges, sharps, instruments, and amounts of irrigation fluid and drugs used.

Front 63

Specialty nurses

Back 63

Maintains, and recommends equipment, instruments, and supplies used in that particular specialty

Front 64

SURGICAL ATTIRE

Back 64

Mask, eyewear, gloves, gown, shoe covers

Front 65

Sleeves

Back 65

sterile from 2" above the elbow down to the cuff

Front 66

Gown

Back 66

sterile from the chest to the level of the sterile field

Front 67

ANESTHESIA

Back 67

An induced state of partial or total loss of sensation, occurring W or W/O loss of consciousness

Front 68

ANESTHESIA

Back 68

Metabolized by the liver and excreted by the kidneys.

Front 69

ANESTHESIA

Back 69

Liver or kidney impairment increases risk for toxicity

Front 70

ANESTHESIA

Back 70

Blocks nerve impulse transmissions

Front 71

ANESTHESIA

Back 71

Suppresses reflexes

Front 72

ANESTHESIA

Back 72

Promotes muscle relaxation

Front 73

ANESTHESIA

Back 73

Achieves a controlled level of unconsciousness

Front 74

Inhalation

Back 74

Most controlled method, Few side effects, Induction and Reversal with Pulmonary Ventilation

Front 75

Intravenous

Back 75

Rapid and pleasant, Requires little equipment, Little if no Nausea & Vomiting

Front 76

Balanced (IV & INHALATION)

Back 76

Minimal Side effects, Used for older & high risk pts., Minimal disturbance to physiologic function

Front 77

LOCAL -

Back 77

APPLIED TO SKIN OR IINJECTED IN SKIN TISSUE

Front 78

REGIONAL -

Back 78

FIELD BLOCK, NERVE BLOCK, SPINAL AND EPIDURAL

Front 79

SPINAL

Back 79

: Deeper needle Injected into subarachnoid space (lower extremities, perineum, lower abdomen) Nausea or pain may occur

Front 80

EPIDURAL:

Back 80

Injected into spinal canal in space surrounding dura (No headache) Urinary retention, hypotension, resp. depression may occur

Front 81

Stage 1 (minimal)

Back 81

Begins w/ Induction

Front 82

Stage 1 (minimal)

Back 82

Ends w/ unconsciousness

Front 83

Stage 1 (minimal)

Back 83

Drowsy & Dizzy Easily aroused, pt. can still interact and respond to verbal commands

Front 84

Stage 1 (minimal)

Back 84

Reduced sensation to pain Resp. and cardio not affected

Front 85

Stage 1 (minimal)

Back 85

Pt. is Amnesic

Front 86

Stage 2 (moderate)

Back 86

Begins w/ unconsciousness

Front 87

Stage 2 (moderate)

Back 87

Ends w/ relaxation, regular breathing, loss of eyelid reflex

Front 88

Stage 2 (moderate)

Back 88

Irregular breathing, IV sedation

Front 89

Stage 2 (moderate)

Back 89

Increased muscle tone, Cardiac monitoring, pulse oxygen, & VS

Front 90

Stage 2 (moderate)

Back 90

Involuntary movement of extremities

Front 91

Stage 2 (moderate)

Back 91

Laryngospasm or vomiting

Front 92

Stage 3 (Deep)

Back 92

Begins w/ general muscle relaxation

Front 93

Stage 3 (Deep)

Back 93

Ends w/ loss or reflexes & depression of vital functions

Front 94

Stage 3 (Deep)

Back 94

Jaw is relaxed,Not easily aroused

Front 95

Stage 3 (Deep)

Back 95

Breathing is quiet & regular, IV or inhaled

Front 96

Stage 3 (Deep)

Back 96

Pt. cannot hear, Sensations are lost

Front 97

Stage 4

Back 97

Begins w/ depression of vital functions

Front 98

Stage 4

Back 98

Ends w/ respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, and possible death

Front 99

Stage 4

Back 99

Respiratory muscles are paralyzed

Front 100

Stage 4

Back 100

Apnea occurs

Front 101

Stage 4

Back 101

Pupils are fixed & dilated

Front 102

MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA

Back 102

Acute, life-threatening complication of certain drugs used for general anesthesia

Front 103

Dantrolene Sodium -

Back 103

skeletal muscle relaxant

Front 104

Myoglobinuria -

Back 104

(presence of muscle protein in urine)

Front 105

Overdose

Back 105

Pts. metabolism and drug elimination are slower than expected

Front 106

UNRECOGNIZED HYPOVENTILATION

Back 106

Failure to exchange gases adequately

Front 107

INTUBATION COMPLICATION

Back 107

Broken or injured teeth and caps, swollen lips, vocal cord trauma

Front 108

Narcan

Back 108

Reverse effects of opioid depression

Front 109

Zofran

Back 109

Used for Nausea and Vomitting

Front 110

Penrose Drain -

Back 110

(single lumen, soft, open, latex tube) Gravity drain

Front 111

Salem Sump

Back 111

(double lumen tube w/air vent

Front 112

Levin Tube

Back 112

(single lumen tub w/ no air vent)