Perio Ch. 1, 2, 3, 20

Front 1

Periodontium

Back 1

Attachment apparatus supporting tissues of teeth. Made up of gingiva, PDL, cementum, and alveolar bone.

Front 2

Gingiva

Back 2

Tissue that covers the cervical portion of the teeth and the alveolar processes of the jaw

Front 3

PDL Periodontal ligament

Back 3

Fibers that surround the root of the tooth. These fibers attach to the bone of the socket on one side and to the cementum of the root on the other side.

Front 4

Cementum

Back 4

Thin layer of mineralized layer that covers the root of the tooth

Front 5

Bone that surrounds the roots of the teeth. It forms the bony sockets that support and protect the roots of the teeth.

Back 5

Alveolar bone

Front 6

The coronal boundary of the gingiva.

Back 6

Gingival margin

Front 7

Dark red, smooth shiny surface. Apical boundary of the gingiva.

Back 7

Alveolar mucosa

Front 8

Shallow linear depression that separates the free and attached gingiva.

Back 8

Free gingival groove

Front 9

Clinically visible boundary where the pink attached gingiva meets the red, shiny alveolar mucosa.

Back 9

Mucogingival junction

Front 10

Unattached portion of the gingiva that surrounds the tooth in the region of the CEJ

Back 10

Free gingiva

Front 11

Part of the gingiva that is tightly connected to the cementum on the cervical third of the root and to the periosteum of the alveolar bone.

Back 11

Attached gingiva

Front 12

Dimpled appearance similar to the skin of an orange peel

Back 12

Stippling

Front 13

Portion of the gingiva that fills the interdental erasure between two adjacent teeth apical to the contact area.

Back 13

Interdental gingiva

Front 14

Tip of the interdental gingiva that fills embrasure space.

Back 14

Papillae

Front 15

Valleylike depression in the portion of the interdental gingiva that lies directly below the contact area.

Back 15

Col

Front 16

Space between the free gingiva and the tooth surface

Back 16

Gingival sulcus

Front 17

Fluid that seeps from the underlying connective tissue into the sulcular space.

Back 17

Gingival crevicular or sulcular fluid

Front 18

Bone of the upper or lower jaw that surrounds the roots of the teeth.

Back 18

Alveolar process / alveolar bone

Front 19

A cavity in the alveolar bone that houses the root of the tooth. The bony tooth socket.

Back 19

Alveolus

Front 20

Layer of compact bone that forms the hard, outside wall of the mandible and maxilla on the facial and lingual aspects. Surrounds the alveolar bone proper to provide support.

Back 20

Cortical bone

Front 21

The most coronal portion of the alveolar process.

Back 21

Alveolar crest

Front 22

Latticelike bone that fills the interior portion of the alveolar process.

Back 22

Cancelous, trabecular, or spongy bone

Front 23

layer of connective soft tissue covering the outer surface of bone; consists of an outer layer of collagenous tissue and an inner layer of fine elastic fibers.

Back 23

Periosteum

Front 24

Having a nerve supply means they are...

Back 24

Innervated

Front 25

Nerve supply to the Periodontium is done by what cranial nerve?

Back 25

5th - trigeminal nerve

Front 26

Complex system of blood vessels that supplies blood to the periodontal tissues

Back 26

Anastomoses

Front 27

Network of lymph nodes connected by lymphatic vessels that plays an important role in the body's defense against infection.

Back 27

Lymphatic system

Front 28

Small bean-shaped structures that located on either side of the head, neck, armpits, and groin.

Back 28

Lymph nodes

Front 29

Study of the microscopic structures of tissues.

Back 29

Histology

Front 30

Tissue that fills the spaces between the tissues and organs in the body. Supports and binds other tissues.

Back 30

Connective tissue

Front 31

The boundary where the epithelial and connective tissues meet. Can be wavy or smooth.

Back 31

Epithelial-connective tissue interface

Front 32

Extensions of the epithelium that reach down into the connective tissue in a wavy boundary of the epithelial-connective tissue interface.

Back 32

Epithelial ridges

Front 33

Fingerlike extensions of connective tissue that extend up into the epithelium of an epithelial-connective tissue interface that is wavy.

Back 33

Connective tissue papillae

Front 34

Cellular structures that mechanically attach a cell and its cytoskeleton to its neighboring cell or to the basal lamina.

Back 34

Cell junctions

Front 35

Specialized cell junction that connects two neighboring epithelial cells and their cytoskeletons together.

Back 35

Desmosome

Front 36

Specialized cell junction that connects the epithelial cells to the basal lamina.

Back 36

Hemidesmosome

Front 37

Specialized stratified squamous epithelium that functions well in the wet environment of the oral cavity. Broken down further based on three anatomical areas.

Back 37

Gingival epithelium

Front 38

Gingival epithelium that faces the oral cavity.

Back 38

Oral epithelium

Front 39

Gingival epithelium that faces the tooth surface without being in contact with the the tooth surface.

Back 39

Sulcular epithelium

Front 40

Group of interconnected cells that perform similar function within an organism. Consists of cells and an extracellular matrix.

Back 40

Tissue

Front 41

Gingival Epithelium that attaches the gingiva to the tooth.

Back 41

Junctional epithelium

Front 42

Being partially Keratinized.

Back 42

Parakeratinized

Front 43

Tough, fibrous structural protein that occurs in the outer layer of the skin and the oral epithelium.

Back 43

Keratin

Front 44

Fluid that flows through the permeable sulcular epithelium from the underlying gingival connective tissues.

Back 44

Gingival crevicular fluid

Front 45

A thin mat of extracellular matrix between the epithelial cells of the junctional epithelium and the tooth surface.

Back 45

Internal basal lamina

Front 46

Thin mat of extracellular matrix between the epithelial cells of the junctional epithelium and the gingival connective tissue.

Back 46

External basal lamina

Front 47

Network of ropelike collagen fiber bundles in the gingival connective tissue located coronal to the crest of the alveolar bone.

Back 47

Supragingival fiber bundles

Front 48

Protein fibers that form a dense network of strong, ropelike cables that secure and hold the gingival connective tissues together.

Back 48

Collagen fibers

Front 49

Acts to provide structural support to the gingival tissue. Made up of the junctional epithelium and the gingival fibers.

Back 49

Dentogingival unit

Front 50

Dense membrane composed of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps the outer surface of the alveolar bone.

Back 50

Periosteum

Front 51

Smallest structural unit of living matter capable of functioning independently.

Back 51

Cells

Front 52

Thin sheet of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the roots of the teeth and joins the root cementum with the socket wall.

Back 52

PDL - Peridontal ligament

Front 53

Specialized connective tissue that surrounds the root and connects it with the alveolar bone. Largest component of the PDL.

Back 53

Fiber bundles of the PDL

Front 54

The ends of the PDL that insert into the cementum and into the alveolar bone.

Back 54

Sharpey's fibers

Front 55

Mineralized layer of connective tissue that covers the root of the tooth.

Back 55

Cementum

Front 56

What does OMG stand for and relate to?

Back 56

The relationship of cementum to enamel at CEJ. OMG stands for overlap (60%), meet (30%), and gap (10%).

Front 57

Part of the maxilla and mandible that form and support the sockets of the teeth.

Back 57

Alveolar process / alveolar bone

Front 58

The sequence of events that occur during the development of a disease or abnormal condition.

Back 58

Pathogenesis

Front 59

Bacterial infection that is confined to the gingiva. Tissue damage is reversible.

Back 59

Gingivitis

Front 60

Bacterial infection of all parts of the periodontium. Tissue damage is irreversible.

Back 60

Periodontitis

Front 61

Gingivitis that lasts for a short period of time. Often characterized by fluid in the gingival connective tissue that result in swollen gingiva.

Back 61

Acute gingivitis

Front 62

Mesh like material that surrounds the cells. Gel like material that fills the space between the cells.

Back 62

Extracellular matrix

Front 63

Gingivitis that lasts for months or years. Causes excess collagen fibers that leads to enlarged and fibrotic gingiva.

Back 63

Chronic gingivitis

Front 64

Tissue damage that can return to normal.

Back 64

Reversible

Front 65

Movement of the junctional epithelium apical to its normal location.

Back 65

Apical migration of the junctional epithelium

Front 66

The body's reaction to injury or invasion of disease-producing organisms.

Back 66

Inflammation

Front 67

The resorption of alveolar bone as a result of periodontitis.

Back 67

Alveolar bone loss

Front 68

The most common pattern of bone loss. Fairly even reduction in the height of the alveolar bone.

Back 68

Horizontal bone loss

Front 69

Less common pattern of bone loss. Resorption progresses more rapidly in the bone next to the root surface.

Back 69

Vertical bone loss

Front 70

Defects in the alveolar bone.

Back 70

Osseous defects

Front 71

Bone resorption occuring in an uneven, oblique direction. May have one, two, or three walls.

Back 71

Infrabony defects

Front 72

Bowl-shaped defect in the interdental alveolar bone loss, with bone loss nearly equal on the roots of two adjacent teeth.

Back 72

Osseous crater

Front 73

Tissue that makes up the outer surface of the body (skin) and lines the body cavities such as the mouth, stomach, and intestines.

Back 73

Epithelial tissue

Front 74

Occurs on a multirooted tooth when periodontal infection invades the area between and around the roots, resulting in a loss of alveolar bone between the roots of teeth.

Back 74

Furcation involvement

Front 75

The destruction of the fibers and bone that support the teeth. Leads too...

Back 75

Attachment loss

Hint 75

Loss of gingiva being connected

Front 76

An area of tissue destruction.

Back 76

Disease site

Front 77

Type of epithelium that is composed of flat cells arranged in several layers. Makes up the skin and mucosa of the oral cavity.

Back 77

Stratified squamous elithelium

Front 78

Thin mat that underlies the epithelium. Hemidesmosomes attach to it.

Back 78

Basal lamina

Front 79

Process by which epithelial cells on the surface of the skin become stronger and waterproof.

Back 79

Keratinization

Front 80

Epithelial cells that have no nuclei and form a tough, resistant layer on the surface of the skin.

Back 80

Keratinized

Front 81

Epithelial cells that contain nuclei and act as a cushion against mechanical stress and wear. Tend to be softer and more flexible.

Back 81

Nonkeratinized

Front 82

A site that is stable, with the attachment level of the junctional epithelium remaining the same over time.

Back 82

Inactive disease site

Front 83

A disease site that shows continued apical migration of the junctional epithelium over time.

Back 83

Active disease site

Front 84

Deepening of the gingival sulcus as a result of swelling or enlargement of the gingival tissue.

Back 84

Gingival pocket

Front 85

A pathologic deepening of the gingival sulcus.

Back 85

Periodontal pocket

Front 86

What type of pocket occurs when there is horizontal bone loss?

Back 86

Suprabony pockets

Front 87

What type of gingival pocket occurs when there is vertical bone loss?

Back 87

Infrabony pockets