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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is the periodic table arranged? |
By increasing atomic number |
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How many periods are there? |
7 |
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How many groups are there? |
18 |
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Alkali metals |
They are: lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium Located: Group 1 Characteristics: They have low melting and boiling points compared to most other metals. Reactive with water |
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Alkali Earth Metals |
The alkaline earth metals are six elements in column (group) 2 of the Periodic table. They are beryllium, magnesium, calcium , strontium, barium, and radium. All alkaline earth elements have an oxidation number of +2, making them very reactive. Because of their reactivity, the alkaline metals are not found free in nature. Low melting/boiling points |
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Transition Metals |
Located in group 3 of the periodic table Good conductors of electricity or heat Malleable and can be bent easily Transition metals possess a high density and high melting points and boiling points. Every element in the middle of the periodic table |
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Halogens |
Group 17 of the periodic table They are 5 non-metallic elements Halogen means "salt former" fluorine , chlorine, bromine , iodine, and astatine. electronegativity |
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Noble Gases |
Group 18 characteristics of the noble gases are that they all conduct electricity, fluoresce, are odorless and colorless helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. |
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Properties of metals |
Physical Properties of Metals: shiny Good conductors of heat and electricity High density (heavy for their size) High melting point Ductile Malleable (most metals can be hammered into thin sheets) Easily lose electrons |
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Properties of nonmetals |
Dull poor conductor of heat and electricity brittle not ductile not malleable low density low melting/boiling points tend to gain electrons |
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Properties of metalloids |
solid can be dull or shiny ductile malleable conduct heat and electricity better than nonmetals |
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Periodic Table trend - atomic radius |
As you move across a period, atomic radius decreases because electrons are added to the same energy level.
At the same time, protons are being added to the nucleus. The concentration of more protons in the nucleus creates a "higher effective nuclear charge." There is a stronger force of attraction pulling the electrons closer to the nucleus resulting in a smaller atomic radius. |
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Periodic table trend - ionization energy |
As you move down a group, first ionization energy decreases. |
