Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What defined European policy and diplomacy in the 20th century? |
total war and its consequences |
|
|
What did WWI destroy? |
the balance of power |
|
|
What was the main goal of the Treaty of Versailles, and what did it lead to? |
to end WWI, created unstable conditions which allowed for extremist ideologies to emerge
|
|
|
When was the League of Nations created, and what was its purpose? |
established after the great war, to employ collective security in the interests of peace |
|
|
What action directly led to WWII? |
the failures in settling tensions from WWI |
|
|
Describe the type of warfare in the second great war. |
wholesale destruction of cities, deliberate attacks on civilians, and the systematic destruction of their enemies' industrial complexes |
|
|
Define 'The Holocaust'. |
the Nazi govt in Germany undertook the annihilation of Jews from the whole continent |
|
|
What was created after WWII and why? |
the Cold War division of Europe because the economic and political devastation left a power vacuum |
|
|
What was going on in the first half of the 20th century? |
nations were extending their control and influence over most of the non-Western world |
|
|
After WWII, what happened to regions that were colonized by European nations? |
they moved from resistance to independence |
|
|
What did immigration to Europe after WWII create? |
large populations of poor and isolated minorities |
|
|
What does USSR stand for? |
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics |
|
|
What two superpowers controlled international relations in Europe during the Cold War? |
the Soviet Union and the United States |
|
|
After 1945, how could Western Europe and the U.S. be described? |
democratic, capitalistic states |
|
|
After 1945, how could Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union be described? |
a communistic bloc |
|
|
What did the Cold War promote in Western Europe? |
political and economic unity |
|
|
What was formed in 1957? |
six countries formed the Common Market |
|
|
What was the goal of the Common Market? |
to inspire Europeans to work toward a closer political and economic unity, including a European executive body and Parialment |
|
|
When and where was the European Union founded? |
in 1991 at Maastricht |
|
|
What did the European Union do? |
agreed to establish the euro as a common currency for qualifying member-states |
|
|
When did the Soviet Union collapse? |
1991 |
|
|
What was one unforeseen consequence of the end of the Cold War, and what did it lead to? |
the re-emergence of nationalism within states, led to the Balkan wars in Yugoslavia |
|
|
What MAIN factors turned a regional dispute in the Balkans into WWI? |
military plans, the alliance system, imperial competition, and nationalism |
|
|
What new technologies confounded traditional military strategies and led to massive troop losses? |
- machine gun - barbed wire - submarine - airplane - poison gas - tank |
|
|
What was the Armenian Genocide? |
when in 1915 some Armenians welcomed Russian armies as liberator, the Ottoman govt ordered genocidal mass deportation of its Armenian citizens from their homeland |
|
|
What significantly shifted the relationship of Europe with the rest of the world? |
the globalization of the conflict, the U.S. becoming a world power, and the overthrow of European empires |
