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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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5 classic signs of inflammation
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Rubor (Erythema = red), Tumor (edyma = swelling), Dalor(pain), Calor(heat), LOF
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3 vascular signs of inflammation
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Increase in diameter, leukocyte accumulation, increase in vascular permeability
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How do blood vessels achieve leukocyte accumulation?
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The cells of vessels become more adhesive, binding WBC's
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What are the 3 ROLES of inflammation?
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Deliver effector molecules, create a physical barrier, and promote/initiate repair
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5 Mediators of inflammation
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Lipids, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, PAF, Cytokine/Chemokines
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What 2 cytokines are involved in inflammation?
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TNF-alph, IL-1
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What was determined from the primate study of inflammation/Perio Disease?
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Antagonists of IL-1 and TNF-alpha reduce inflammatory results
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How can one identify the PDL on a radiograph?
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it is a dark (radiolucent) line surrounding tooth
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5 Groups of CT fibers of the PDL?
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Horizontal, alveolar crest, oblique, apical, interradicular
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Where are sharpey's fibers greater in number, on the cementum side or bone side?
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Cementum
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What are the epithelial cells found in the pDL?
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Rests of Malessez, which are remnnants of HERTWIGS EPITH ROOT SHEATH
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What TYPES of cells are present in the PDL? (4)
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Epithelial, Immune, Mesenchymal, and Blasts
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What type of Blasts are present in the PDL?
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Fibro, cemento, odonto, osteo and OsteoCLASTS
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What are the 4 types of immune cells in the PDL?
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Polymorphonuclear, mast, mononuclear and macrophages
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What are the 3 types of vasculature present in the PDL?
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Branches of alveolar artery, Interradicular arteries, and gingival vessels
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Where are cementoclasts located within the cementum?
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in HOWSHIPS LACUNAE
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What are the 2 types of cementum? when (relative to the other) is each formed?
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Acellular, which is primary and Cellular, which is secondary
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Where is acellular cementum located?
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nearest to the CEJ, in the coronal 1/3 to 1/2 of the root
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Where is cellular cementum located?
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at the apical aspects of the roots
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Which is MORE calcified, acellular or cellular cementum?
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Acelluar
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What are the 5 steps of cementogenesis?
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1. Root (EXPOSED) dentin is depositied along hertwig's sheath.
2. Ectomesencymal cells become cementoblasts 3. c-blasts form irregular collagen/protein polysaccs 4. cementoid is formed 5. mineralization of collagen by hydroxyapatite |
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What are the 2 relational directions at which cementogenesis begins?
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Nearest CDJ and nearest CEJ
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How does the actual amount of bone loss relate to the amount seen on a radiograph?
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There is more in actuality, as cancellous bone loss cannot be seen thru the compact bone loss
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What is the 3rd type of bone (not cancellous or corticol bone) that forms the tooth socket?
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Woven Bone aka bundle bone
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What is the alveolar bone process?
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the term for the maxilla/mandible
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what is the alveolar bone proper?
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the bony socket, aka cribiform plate
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Where is the "supporting bone" located, and what are it's 2 functions?
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It is the bone that is on the bucc/ling surface of max mand (it's cortical layer) and it's spongey bone supports the AB-proper
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What bone separates the roots of adjacent teeth?
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Interdental Septa
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What is the stimulation process of PTH? (what does it stimulate)
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Osteoblasts, then osteoclasts
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What ar the 2 types of eruption? what are they?
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Passive, movement of the gingiva only. Active, movement of the tooth
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What are the 4 steps of passive eruption?
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All are in regards to the position of the APICAL LIMIT OF EPITH ATTACHMENT.
1- @ CEJ 2 - on cementum, base of sulcus @ enamel surface 3 - on cementum, base of ging sulcus @ CEJ 4 - on cementum, so is the base of ging sulcus |
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What are reversal lines?
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Resorption/apposition lines in cementum or bone that indicate they are not STATIC
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What are the 2 layers of the periosteum, what is the difference between the two?
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Outer layer is fibrous, inner layer has osteogenic cells
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WHat does the periodontium consist of ? (4)
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PDL, Gingiva, Cementum, Bone
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What type of tissue covers the hard palate?
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Masticatory Mucosa
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