Perio: Lect 1

Front 1

What are the supporting structures of the teeth?

Back 1

Gingiva, Cementum, PDL, Alveolar Bone and Alveolar Mucosa

Front 2

States of Periodontium?

Back 2

Health, Gingivitis and Periodontitis

Front 3

Color of health?

Back 3

Coral Pink

Front 4

Color of gingivitis?

Back 4

Red, Blue or Purple

Front 5

Contour in health?

Back 5

Scalloped

Front 6

Contour in gingivitis?

Back 6

Bulbous

Front 7

Consistency in health?

Back 7

Firm and tight

Front 8

Consistency in gingivitis?

Back 8

Boggy and probe will leave an impression

Front 9

Texture in health?

Back 9

Stippled like an orange

Front 10

Texture in gingivitis?

Back 10

Smooth like a balloon

Front 11

Another name for scalloped appearance of dental papilla?

Back 11

Knife-edged

Front 12

In health, where should the gingival margin sit?

Back 12

Slightly coronal to the CEJ

Front 13

What does the papilla look like between teeth with a diastema?

Back 13

Flat

Front 14

Attached gingiva is attached to?

Back 14

Cementum

Front 15

Where should the junctional epithelium lie?

Back 15

Coronal to CEJ

Front 16

Are gingival diseases the most common form of periodontal diseases?

Back 16

Yes

Front 17

Is gingivitis a reversible disease?

Back 17

Yes

Front 18

Is periodontitis a reversible disease?

Back 18

No

Front 19

In health, is the space above the junctional epithelium (JE) called a pocket or sulcus?

Back 19

Sulcus

Front 20

In the gingival pocket, the JE is located?

Back 20

At the CEJ

Front 21

What is the greatest difference between gingivitis and periodontitis?

Back 21

Alveolar bone loss occurs only in periodontitis

Front 22

The destruction to the periodontal tissues is due to, bacteria or host response?

Back 22

Host inflammatory response is responsible for the tissue damage

Front 23

Hemidesmosomes of the JE attach where in health?

Back 23

The enamel coronal to CEJ

Front 24

The JE extends what down to connective tissue?

Back 24

Epithelial ridges

Front 25

What causes gingivitis?

Back 25

Plaque biofilm

Front 26

Gingivitis clinical appearance?

Back 26

Red, edematous/swollen and smooth gingiva. Bleeding on probing.

Front 27

What is usually the first sign of gingivitis?

Back 27

Bleeding on probing

Front 28

Which periodontal disease is reversible? Gingivitis or periodontitis?

Back 28

Gingivitis

Front 29

How can gingivitis be reversed?

Back 29

Professional treatment, patient home car and removal of iatrogenic factors such as faulty restorations

Front 30

What is the physical factor that causes bleeding on probing?

Back 30

Capillaries dilated at the thinned epithilial surface with increased blood flow

Front 31

The lining of the sulcus becomes what in gingivitis?

Back 31

Ulcerated

Front 32

Description of Acute Gingivitis?

Back 32

Bright red gingiva with rapid onset and short duration

Front 33

Description of Chronic Gingivitis?

Back 33

Bluish-red or purplish tissue due to slow progression of the disease in an ongoing nature

Front 34

The color of the gingiva is due to?

Back 34

Increased vascularization, reduced epithelial keratinization and venous stasis gives the bluish hue to the inflammed tissue

Front 35

What direction does the gingival margin move in gingivitis?

Back 35

Coronally

Front 36

What is the appearance of the free gingival margin in gingivitis?

Back 36

Rolled and thickened

Front 37

In periodontitis, what is lost in the periodontia?

Back 37

Alveolar bone loss as well as attachment loss by the JE

Front 38

Why does disease tissue appear spongy, soft and fibrous?

Back 38

Interstitial fluid build up and degeneration of connective tissue fiber. the long standing inflammation and continuous degeneration and regeneration of new connective tissue fibers give the clinical impression of pink firm gingival tissue

Front 39

What constitutes the EXTENT of inflammatin?

Back 39

Localized: confined to the tissue of a single site, tooth or group of teeth
vs
Generalized: occuring in all or most of the mouth

Front 40

Difference in distribution of inflammation?

Back 40

Papillary:inflammation confined to papilla
Marginal:confined to gingival margin and papilla
Diffuse:throughout gingival margin, papilla and attached gingiva and may extend to mucogingival junction

Front 41

In gingivitis the gingival pocket id formed by what direction of migration of the gingival margin?

Back 41

Coronal

Front 42

Histological changes are noted in the junctional epithelium in gingivitis evidenced by?

Back 42

Rete Peg formation

Front 43

What are Rete Pegs?

Back 43

Are epithelial extensions that project into the underlying connective tissue.

Front 44

Sulcus depth in gingivitis?

Back 44

May be greater than 3mm

Front 45

Radiographically, what is the distance between alveolar bone and CEJ in health?

Back 45

2mm

Front 46

Radiolucent structures in a PA that are part of the periodontium?

Back 46

Pulp, PDL Space, Bone Marrow Spaces, Bone Loss and Defects and Periapical Abscesses

Front 47

Radiopaque structures in a PA that are part of the periodontium?

Back 47

Metals, Amalgams, Newer Composites, Enamel, Dentin and Compact and Cortical Bone

Front 48

Periodontia in PA?

Back 48

Alveolar Crest, Crestal Lamina, Lamina Dura, Bone Trabeulae, Periodontal Ligament Space, and Cementum/Dentin

Front 49

What occupies the 2mm space between the alveolar bone and the CEJ?

Back 49

JE 1mm and Connective Tissue for 1mm

Front 50

What is the thick white outline of the tooth socket?

Back 50

Lamina Dura

Front 51

Orientation of the crest of the bone can be either? Determined how?

Back 51

Horizontal or angular by drawing a line between the CEJ's of adjacent teeth

Front 52

Interdental septa orientation between incisors, molars?

Back 52

Pointed, Flat

Front 53

What is biological width?

Back 53

Portion of the tooth surface covered by JE (~1mm) and connective tissue, including supragingival fiber bundles (rope like collagen fiber bundles located coronal to alveolar crest ~1mm)

Front 54

What is the significance of biological width?

Back 54

Margin must never be placed so close to alveolar bone that it encroaches on the biological width