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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PERINEUM BOUNDRIES (anterior, posterior, lateral, anterolateral, posterolateral)
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Anterior - pubic symphysis (PS)
Posterior - coccyx (C) Lateral - ischial tuberosities (IT) Anterolateral - ischiopubic ramus (IPR) Posterolateral - sacrotuberous ligament |
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ANTERIOR UROGENITAL TRIANGLE (2 things)
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URETHRA
EXTERNAL GENITALIA |
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POSTERIOR ANAL TRIANGLE (2 things)
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ANAL CANAL
ISCHIORECTAL FOSSAE |
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PERINEUM NERVE SUPPLY AND ROOT
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PUDENDAL NERVE
ROOT - S2-S4, SACRAL PLEXUS |
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PUDENDAL NERVE
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ENTERS - LESSER SCIATIC FORAMEN
EXITS - GREATER SCIATIC FORAMEN PASSES THROUGH ALCOCK'S CANAL (PUDENDAL CANAL) |
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PUDENDAL NERVE (3 BRANCHES)
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1 INFERIOR RECTAL NERVE
2 PERINEAL NERVE 3 DORSAL NERVE OF PENIS/CLITORIS |
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BLOOD SUPPLY AND ROOT
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INTERNAL PUDENDAL ARTERY
ROOT: ANTERIOR INTERIOR ILLIAC A. |
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VENOUS
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CHIEFLY: INTERNAL PUDENDAL VEIN (SYSTEMIC/UPPER)
SUPERIOR RECTAL VEIN (PORTAL/LOWER) |
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VENOUS
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SYSTEMIC: IPV > ILV > IVC
PORTAL: SRV> IMV > PV |
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ANAL TRIANGLE BOUNDRIES (3)
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TIP OF COCCYX
SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT INTER-ISCHIOTUBERCULAR LINE |
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ANAL CANAL CONTENTS (2)
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ANAL CANAL
ISCHIORECTAL FOSSA |
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ANAL CANAL INFO
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4 cm
From Anorectal Ring (AKA Pelvic Diaghragm) To Anus |
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ANAL CANAL (Divisions)
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1. UPPER HALF
2. LOWER HALF - MUCOSA OF THE JUNCTION: PECTINATE LINE |
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PECTINEAL LINE
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-FORMED BY ANAL VALVES (MUCOSAL FOLDS)
-AT THE JUNCTION OF THE UPPER & LOWER HALF OF THE ANAL CANAL -WHERE BLOOD VESSELS OF UPPER & LOWER HALF OF THE ANAL CANAL ANASTOMOSE FORMING PORTOSYSTEMIC ANASTOMOSIS |
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SUPERIOR RECTAL VEIN
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---UPPER HALF SUPERIOR RECTAL VEIN IS PORTAL WHILE THE ---LOWER HALF INFERIOR RECTAL VEIN IS SYSTEMIC
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PECTINEAL LINE
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---MARKS DIVISION BETWEEN THE UPPER HALF & LOWER HALF OF ANAL CANAL
----FORMED BY THE UNION OF THE ANAL COLUMNS AND THE MUCOSAL FOLDS (ANAL VALVES) ---RUNNING THROUGHOUT THE WHOLE JUNCTION WHERE THE BLOOD VESSELS OF THE UPPER AND LOWER HALVES OF THE ANAL CANAL ANASTOMOSE CREATING A PORTO-SYSTEMIC ANASTOMOSIS ---DIFFERENTES EXTERNAL & INTERNAL HEMORRHOIDS |
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ANAL LESIONS
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---POLYPS
---EXTERNAL & INTERNAL HEMORRHOIDS |
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UPPER HALF OF ANAL CANAL
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----COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM (ENDODERM)
----SUPPLIED BY SUPERIOR RECTAL ARTERY ----DRAINED BY SUPERIOR RECTAL VEIN ----INNERVATED BY AUTONOMIC NERVES OF HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS ----SENSITIVE TO STRETCH ----INSENSITIVE TO PAIN & TOUCH ----HAS LONGITUDINAL ANAL COLUMNS |
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LOWER HALF OF ANAL CANAL
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-----STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM (ECTODERM)
-----SUPPLIED BY INFERIOR RECTAL ARTERY -----DRAINED BY INFERIOR RECTAL VEIN -----INNERVATED BY INFERIOR RECTAL NERVE -----SENSITIVE TO PAIN, TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE & TOUCH -----DOES NOT HAVE ANAL COLUMNS |
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ANORECTAL RING (CONTENTS)
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FORMED BY
FORMED BY: PUBORECTALIS (PR) INTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER (IAS) DEEP PART EXTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER (EAS) |
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ANORECTAL RING (LOCATION)
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---JUNCTION OF THE RECTUM & ANAL CANAL
----MAINTAINS FECAL CONTINENCE |
