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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most common cause of pericarditis is ______________. |
viral
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The most common type of patient that gets pericarditis are ____________________-. |
males <50yo |
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What is dressler syndrome? |
Pericarditis that may occur 2-5 days after MI due to an inflammatory reaction to trransmural myocardial necrosis |
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What are the most common signs and symptoms of pericarditis? |
sharp pain dull with radiation to trap areas postural dyspnea fever pericardial friction rub |
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An EKG of pericarditis will have these prominent features.... |
*ST-T wave changes and low QRS voltage *diffuse ST elevation - over time, returns to *baseline followed by T wave inversion *asst PR segment depression *smiley faces |
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What is the drug of choice in dressler syndrome post MI? |
aspirin |
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These three treatments are considered in pericarditis... |
NSAIDS/ASA/ Prednisone *indomethacin *ibuprofen aspirin prednisone (if auto-immune) |
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While giving medication for pericarditis, you should consider protecting the GI tract by giving this type of medication... |
PPI |
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____________________ can be associated with uremic pericarditis, neoplastic pericarditis or radiation pericarditis. |
cardiac tamponade |
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Tamponade is characterized by elevated intrapericardial pressure at _________________. |
> 15 mmHG |
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what are signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade? (6) |
tachycardia tachypnea muffled heart sounds hypotension narrow pulse pressure pulsus paradoxus |
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Pulsus paradoxus is with a difference of > ________ decline in SBP during inspiration due to impairment of LV filling. |
10mmHG |
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Your CXR on cardiac tamponade will show this... |
enlarged cardiac silhouette with globular configuration |
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This is the study of choice for cardiac tamponade and pericardial effusion... |
ECHO |
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Signs of hemodynamic instability (4) are.. |
falling SBP of SBP <110mm/HG Pulsus paradocus of > 10 mm/HG large effusion >20ml on echo RV collapse on echo |
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If tamponade is present, the tx measure for this is.... |
urgent pericardiocentesis |
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Subacute bacterial endocarditis is usually associated with oral flora and caused by these two pathogens... |
strep viridans enterococci |
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The difference between acute and subacute endocarditis are... |
acute is more serious, days to weeks, greater virulence, more likely to spread and caused by staph - subacute most likely caused by strep |
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Endocarditis typically requires two conditions... |
*abnormality of the endocardium (most commonly the valves) *bacteremia |
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This pathogen causes Q fever endocarditis... |
Coxiella burnetii |
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characteristic findings of bacterial endocarditis.... |
septic emboli (vascular phenomena) *petechiae *splinter hemorrhages *janeway lesions |
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What are Janeway lesions? |
painless erythematous macules of palms or soles |
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What are Osler nodes? |
Painful raised red lesions ofingers, toes f or feet |
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The strongest risk factor for CAD is __________. |
age |
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This test is used for low risk patients without baseline ST segment abnormalities... |
exercise stress testing |
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The target heart rate depending on the patients age is ________% of the maximal heart rate predicted for the patients age. |
85 |
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Stress testing might not be the best test if there are significant changes at rest on an EKG in these types of patients... |
long standing HTN Permanant pacemaker LBBB WPW syndrome |
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The max SBP is ______________ mmHG before you have to give tx. |
230 |
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How does the medication adenosine work? |
dilates coronary arteries |
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How does the medication dobutamine work? |
increases heart rate (mimics activity) *avoid using with WPW, LBBB, permanent pacemaker (adenosine preferred) |
