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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hypertonic
isotonic hypotonic |
*pulls fluid from cells, they shrink
*same *moves fluid into cells, they swell |
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Late signs of dehydration
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decreased bp, increased pulse, rapid and weak respirations
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Late signs of overhydration
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raised bp, breathlessness, edema, rapid respirations, moist cough, frothy sputum, increased intracranial pressure
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osmolality is __ during dehydration because __
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increased, the serum is more concentrated.
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Hypernatremia and it's cardiovascular manifestations include ___
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>145. decreased cardiac contractility, diminished cardiac output, Hr up, Bp up
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Early hypernatremia
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muscle twitching, contractions
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Late hpernatremia
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muscle weakness, rigid paralysis, diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes
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What do you administer to one with hypernatremia
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isotonic saline, hypotonic saline, or D5W
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What is hyponatremia ?
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loss of total body Na, movement of Na from blood to other fluid spaces, dilution of serum Na as with excessive water intake
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What will you hear when listening to breath sounds of someone with hyponatremia in the later stages ?
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crackles
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hyponatremia CNS manifestations
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headache, behavioral changes
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GI manifestations hyponatremia
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increased motility, nausea, hyperactive bowel sounds, diarrhea
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IV solutionos
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d5w - isotonic
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half normal saline is
9%nacl (NS) is |
hypotonic
isotonic |
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hypokalemia reduces
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excitability of cells
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pulse is thready and weak with __
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hypokalemia
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A person with hypokalemia is at risk for falls due to __
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ortho hypotension
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gi manifestations with hypokelamia are__
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slowed. loss of motility
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hyperkalemia
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movement of k from icf to ecf
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heartrate in hyperkalemia is __
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irregular, usually slow. BP is lowered.
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Early vs late phase hyperkalemia
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early - twitches, cramps
late- weakness, paralysis |
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people taking __ are at risk for hyperkalemia
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diuretics
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glucose solutions with insulin are used to manage __
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hyperkalemia. it helps move k from ecf to icf.
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does sweating occur during heat exhaustion or heat stroke ?
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exhaustion
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d10 w is
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hypertonic
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hypotonic fluids __ osmolality of the interstitial space
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decreases
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pts are at risk for __ when receiving hypertonic solutions.
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edema
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normal ph is __
normal PaCO2 is __ normal bicarb is __ |
7.35-7.45
35-45 22-26 |
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PaO2 levels should be __
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80-100
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O2 sat should be __
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95-100
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paco2 is __
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acidic, the higher more acidic
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Hco3 is __
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alkaline. the higher more alkaline
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