Percussion/vibration

Front 1

6 subdivisions of vibrations

Back 1

lateral, knuckle, superficial, deep, shaking, digital

Front 2

lateral vibration

Back 2

- applied by the palmar surface of the hand held firmly on the skin surface to prevent slipping, then rock the hand back and forth to and fro.
- hand DOES NOT move over the skin surface area
- kellogg applied on joints, head, and abdomen. (fingertips- on head and joints; palms on abdomen)

Front 3

knuckle vibration

Back 3

- applied with the knuckles of the closed hand placed on the skin surface moved slowly in a fine trembling vibratory movement.
- hand DOES move slowly over the skin area

Front 4

superficial vibration

Back 4

- applied with 1 or both palms placed on the skin surface executing a vigorous fine trembling vibratory movement.
- hand DOES move slowly over the skin's surface area

Front 5

deep vibration

Back 5

- 1 of the most valuable of vibration movements
- applied by the palm of 1 hand, a reinforced hand, or the closed fist that is placed firmly on the skin surface area.
- hand DOES NOT move over the skin's surface area
- arms are held straight, producing a jarring, trembling, or vibratory movement that communicates to deep body tissues.

Front 6

shaking vibration

Back 6

- applied by firmly grasping the body part with oth hands and performing a fine rapid vibratory movement.
- applied extremities and the head

Front 7

digital vibration

Back 7

- applied with the tip of the thumb, or 1 or more fingers, violently vibrating to the underlying structures of the client.
- therapist's arm is thrown into violent vibration, communicated through the thumb and fingers
- hand DOES NOT move over skin surface

Front 8

Contraindications of Vibration

Back 8

hyperaesthesia
acute imflammation
fever
acute morbid processes and morbid growths

Front 9

Percussion technique

Back 9

is performed by elastic blows with both hands used in alternation, to strike the body transversely to teh muscles of the body.

Front 10

French word for Percussion

Back 10

clapotement, tapotement

Front 11

Percussion is applied:

Back 11

movements are made always from a flexible wrist
elastic, springing wrists bouncing upon skin's surface
never allow the wrist to be stiff, because overlying skin tissue will be bruised or damaged.

Front 12

Kellogg indicated Percussion can be applied.........

Back 12

rubber balls attached to reeds or whalebone rods
elastic rubber tubes attached to a handle
"muscle beater" of Klemm

Front 13

5 basic percussion procedures

Back 13

tapping, spatting, hacking, beating, clapping

Front 14

tapping (form of beating)

Back 14

- applied with tips of fingers, either 1 or all fingers of one or both hands.

Front 15

kellogg applied tapping to .....

Back 15

head and chest

DID NOT USE ON EXTREMITIES

Front 16

Spatting

Back 16

applied with palmar surface of fingers/pads of one or both hands that are rigid, striking the skin's surface

Front 17

Kellogg applied splatting to warm an area if the skin surface was cold (TRUE/FALSE)

Back 17

TRUE

Front 18

Kellogg applied spatting to what body parts?

Back 18

employed to most body parts, and should be used before application of other procedures when the surface is cold.

Front 19

Clapping

Back 19

applied with whole hand, palm is shaped to trap air as it comes in contact with the skin surface (cupping)
SOUND- Loud, explosive, horse galloping

Front 20

Clapping applied to what body parts....

Back 20

fleshy areas where strong stimulation is needed.

Front 21

hacking

Back 21

applied with ulnar border of an extremely loose hand, allows the fingers to collapse as the hand makes contact with the body.

Front 22

Kellogg applied hacking to what parts of the body?

Back 22

chest, spine, and head
(other parts as well)

Front 23

Beating

Back 23

applied with the palmar surface of a half-closed fist and the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of the fingers

Front 24

Kellogg applied beating in what areas of the body?

Back 24

lower back, flesh portions of teh thighs and sacrum

Front 25

Beating stimulates the genito-urinary systems when applied to the sacrum (atony of the bladder, impotence, or loss of sexual vigor) TRUE / FALSE

Back 25

TRUE

Front 26

Which techniques are most effective upon deep seated structures, influencing the functions of all viscera of the torso, and genital organs when applied to the spine.

Back 26

Hacking and beating

Front 27

Contraindications of Percussion

Back 27

hyperaethesis

Front 28

Kellogg applied the percussion procedures into 3 other applications

Back 28

reflex, tendon reflex, point

Front 29

6 reflex percussion areas

Back 29

interscapular
epigastric
abdominal
cremasteric
gluteal
plantar

Front 30

Therapeutic applications of reflex percussion

Back 30

interscapular - spinal anemia,
epigastric - hypopepsia,
abdominal - constipation
cremasteric - genito-urinary weakness, loss of rectal bladder tone
gluteal - loss of rectal and bladder tone, genito-urinary weakness, impotence, loss of sexual vigor,
plantar - loss of rectal and bladder tone, genito-urinary weakness, and to improve nerve innervation to the muscles of the lower extremities.

Front 31

spinal nerve segments of reflex percussion

Back 31

interscapular - spinal nerve cervical c6-8, thoracic t1
epigastric - spinal nerve Thoracic T5-7
abdominal - spinal nerve thoracic T8-12,
cremasteric - spinal nerve lumbar L1-3
gluteal - spinal nerve Lumbar -L4-5
plantar - spinal nerve S1-5

Front 32

Tendon reflex

Back 32

should be applied directly to tendon of the muscle that is tense to cause muscle contraction

Front 33

Referred to as "the stretch reflex"

Back 33

Tendon reflex

Front 34

Stretch reflex causes contraction of a skeletal muscle in response to stretching the muscle. TRUE/FALSE

Back 34

TRUE

Front 35

Stretch reflexes can be elicited by tapping on the tendons attached to the muscle at the elbow, wrist, knee or ankle joints

Back 35

TRUE

Front 36

Kellogg identified 4 tendon reflex percussions

Back 36

back of the neck
wrist tendon
knee jerk
ankle reflex

Front 37

When applying Tendon reflex percussion, divert the client's attention for best results. TRUE /FALSE

Back 37

TRUE

Front 38

The effects of Percussion are increased by......

Back 38

placing the muscle on a stretch.

Front 39

Back of the neck tendon reflex

Back 39

- client sits with head flexed as far forward as possible.
- spinal nerve seg Cervical C1-4 (cervical plexus)
- hacking from vertebra prominence C7 to the occiput.

Front 40

wrist tendon reflex

Back 40

- hyperextend the client's wrist
- light tapping and hacking across the front of the wrist
- spinal nerves cervical C4-8 (brachial plexus)

Front 41

knee jerk tendon reflex

Back 41

- client sits with legs crossed
- tapping to the patella ligament with the tip of your middle finger
- hacking to the patella ligament with a transverse blow with the edge of the ulnar border.
- spinal nerve lumbar L1-5 (lumbar plexus)

Front 42

Known as the "patella reflex"

Back 42

knee-jerk tendon reflex

Front 43

ankle tendon reflex

Back 43

- client is prone, leg flexed about 90 degrees and pushing on the sole of the foot into dorsiflexion.
- tapping and hacking to the calcaneal (archilles) tendon.
- spinal nerve Sacral S1-3 (sacral plexus)

Front 44

Known as "Archilles reflex"

Back 44

ankle tendon reflex

Front 45

Spinal nerve segments of tendon reflexes

Back 45

knee jerk - spinal nerve lumbar L1-5 (lumbar plexus)
ankle - spinal nerve Sacral S1-3 (sacral plexus)
back of neck - spinal nerve cervical C1-4
wrist tendon - spinal nerve Cervical C4-8

Front 46

point percussion

Back 46

-applied to "motor point" located where large PNS nerves are accessible just beneath the skin
- direct stimulation by application of mechanical force
- place 1 finger shaped "7", tapping and hacking

Front 47

physiological effects of point percussion

Back 47

powerful motor effects, leading to muscular contraction, often more marked than those obtained from faradization.

Front 48

therapeutic application of point percussion

Back 48

weak muscles

Front 49

interscapular reflex

Back 49

apply to area between the scapulae hacking and spatting

Front 50

epigastric reflex

Back 50

apply to lateral sides of the chest between the 4 and 6th ribs
tapping, hacking, spatting, or beating, NO clapping of the chest

Front 51

abdominal reflex

Back 51

apply to sides of the rectus abdominis muscle in the mammary line
tapping, hacking, spatting, or clapping, NO beating of the belly

Front 52

cremasteric reflex

Back 52

apply to the inner portion of the thigh, hacking alone

Front 53

gluteal reflex

Back 53

apply to the fleshy portions of the hips
Hacking, spatting, clapping or beating, NO tapping the tush

Front 54

plantar reflex

Back 54

apply to sole of the foot spatting or hacking

Front 55

Kellogg indicated that Beating alone was applied to sacrum, it would.....

Back 55

stimulate activity of the lower bowel