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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gibson (1966) |
Ambient Optic Array |
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Top Down Processing |
Information taken from knowledge of the world around us to make perceptions (conceptually driven) |
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Bottom Up Processing |
Information from the eye and make judgements based on only this information (data driven) |
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Helmholtz |
Top Down Approach: insufficient information is gained from soley the senses |
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Bruner, Neisser, Gregory |
Constructivist Approach: -perception is active and constructive -Perception is the result of a stimuli -Perception is prone to error |
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Gregory |
Perception as inference |
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Gregory (1997) |
Visual Illusions: -Distortion (Muller Lyer) -Ambiguous figure (Rubin's Vase) -Paradoxical Figure (Penrose Triangle) -Fictons (Kanizsa Triangle) |
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Milner and Goodale (1995)
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Dorsal and Ventral streams of perception (D- vision for action, V- vision for identification) |
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Haart (1999) |
Had participants interact with a 3D Muller Lyer: strong illusory effect when matching stimulus |
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Gibson Ecological Approach |
Primary function of perception is to help interactions between individuals and environment (Optic flow patterns, Texture Gradients, Affordances) |
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Lee (1980) |
Locomotor flow line: guidances such a side of road lines |
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Warren (1984) |
Affordances: stair climbing |
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Humphreys and Riddock (2001) |
Hemispatial Neglect |
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Wertheimer, Kohler and Koffka |
Gestalt School: -Some perceptions more likely than others -Perceive objects as organised wholes -Law of Pragnaz |
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Law of Pragnaz |
We perceive the best, simplest and most stable shape (similarity, common fate, good continuation, closure, figure ground) |
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Navon (1997) |
Provided evidence for holistic viewing |
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Marr's 1982 Computational Theory |
All figures can be made up of cylinders |
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Biederman's (1987) RBC Theory |
Objects consist of basic shapes and components called Geons |
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Shepard and Metzler (1971) |
Mental Rotation: the further the shape was rotated the longer it took to figure out (constantly engaged in mental rotation) |
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Pylyshyn (1973) |
Argued against the idea of images as pictures (forget meaningful parts rather than random bits) |
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Kosslyn's Computational Model of Imagery |
Images are presented in a medium and stored as either image files or prepositional files in LTM |
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Annett (1995) |
Mental rotation seen as a form of mental imagery |
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Wolschläger and Wolschlager (1998, 2001) |
Visual rotation disrupted by performing hand movement in opposite direction |
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Kosslyn (2001) |
Rational strategy can affect use of motor structures |
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Sirigu and Duhamel (2001) |
Visual vs Motor strategy can be influenced by viewpoint and posture |
