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30 Cards in this Set
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Thomas More |
1478 - 1535: Henry VIII Definition: Philosopher and lawyer, he acted as a councillor for Henry VIII, he wrote the Book Utopia on the political system of an imaginary island nation. opposed to Henry's separation from the Catholic Church, he refused to acknowledge Henry as Supreme Head of the Church of England and his annulment from Catherine of Aragon. Executed after refusing to take the Oath of Supremacy Terms: Henry VIII, Great Matter |
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Robert Harley |
1661-1724: William III and Mary II Definition: Leader of the Country party, he lead an attack on the army in 1697. He was able to attack the war taking place due to his position as the Commission of Public Accounts, which overlooked war finances. Terms: Whigs (at first), Tory (at end), Monmouth Rebellion, Glorious Revolution |
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Sophia |
1714: Anne I The daughter of Elizabeth of Bohemia - who was James I daughter - she was the nearest relative of the Stuar line. She died two months before she would have become queen so the crown passed to her son George I |
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Frederick V |
1618: James I Definition: Electorate of the Palatinate, asked to take the throne of Bohemia, accepted and sparked a crisis leading to war. Driven from the throne in 1620 by the Holy Roman Army and later from his ancestral home of Palatinate as well. Terms: Thirty Years War, Ferdinand |
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Thomas Wolsey |
1509 - 1530: Henry VIII Definition: Cardinal and Henry's Lord Chancellor and Papal Legate, he was heavily involved in Henry's early reign, supporting his foreign policy while trying to make peace when able. Star Chamber: Wolsey used court og the star chamber as a means to hold trials over royal officials and petitioners Introdueced forms of taxation in order to fund Henrys wars, eventually fell from Kings favour over Ging's Great Matter, annulment and break from Catholic Church Terms: Henry VIII, Star Chamber, Great Matter, Field of Golden Cloth |
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Mary II |
1689-1697 Definition: joint monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland with her husband William III after deposing her Catholic Father James II. Immortal Seven: MPs of England who contacted Mary's husband to invade England and depose James in 1688 Glorious Revolution: the overthrowing og James II by William in 1688 Terms: Immortal Seven, William III, Glorious Revolution |
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Mary, Queen of Scots |
1542 - 1567: Elizabeth I Definition: The focus of Catholic plots to dethrone Elizabeth, Mary was the granddaughter of James IV of Scotland and Elizabeth Tudor - Henry VII's sister. Part of the 1585 Babington Plot which planned to kill Elizabeth and place Mary on the throne. Executed at Fotheringay Castle in 1587, increasing tensions with Spain terms: Spanish Armada, Philip of Spain |
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Mary I |
1553-1558 Definition: Henry VIII's and Catherine of Aragon's daughter, she took the throne from her half brother Edward VI's chosen successor, Jane Grey. Started to re-institute Catholicism in England and persecute Protestants. Seclusion Act: passed by Edward VI, it effectivel over rode Henry VIII's Act of Succession, once again removing Mary and Elizabeth from the line of succession. Heresy Acts: a revived act from Henry VIII which allowed for the execution of religious non-conformists, protestants in Mary's case Terms: Succession Act, Seclusion Act, Heresy Act |
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Robert Cecil |
1598-1612: Elizabeth I, James I Definition: appointed to privy council and became leading minister in 1598, serving Elizabeth and James as Secretary of State. Served as a spy master, main discoverer of the Gunpowder Plot in 1605 under James. Terms: Gunpowder Plot, Great Contract |
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Archbishop William Laud |
1633-1645: Charles I Definition: Archbishop of Canterbury, wanted to maintain uniform worship iin England and Wales, going against the wants of many protestants. The Long Parliament of 1640 accused Laud of Treason called for his imprisonment and later execution. Terms: Long Parliament, Laudinism, Grand Remonstrance |
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James I (and VI) |
1603-1625 Definition: originally King of Scotland in 1567, he became King of England and Ireland in 1603 due to his mother Mary, Queen of Scots and distant relation to Henry VII. Accrued debts quickly through extravagant spending. Tonnage and Poundage: incomes through customs duties gratned to the crown for life. Terms: Bates Case, Adled Parliament, |
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Henry VIII |
1509-1547 Cardinal Thomas Wolsey's service: served until 1530, suported Henry's Wars with France and Scotland, worked towards centralized Hernician Government, left due to break with Catholic Church and his death in 1530. Thomas Cranmer: annuled Henry and Catherine's marriage, married Henry and Anne Bolyn, key supporter for break with the church and rise as supreme head of the church of england. LeadHenrician Reformation. Terms: Forced Loans, Six Articles,, Great Matter, Succession Acts |
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Charles I |
1625-1642 Definition: The second son of James I, he quarrelled with the parliament of England frequently, as they tried to decrease his royal prerogative power. Charles believed in Divine right of Kings and as such was thought of as an absolute monarchisht as well as due to his Catholic marriage. Desolved Parliament to rule alone in 1629-1640, something in his right as king but was viewed as tyranny. Parliament rebelled in 1642. executed in 1649. Terms: War of Three Kingdoms, English Civil War, Long Parliament, Oliver Cromwell |
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Anne I |
1702-1714: Definition: Queen following her brother-in-law - William III's death in 1702, Anne's reign was filled with political turmoil. Acts of Union: united Kingdoms of England and Scotland as a single sovereign state called Great Britain in 1707 Rage of Party: a succession of elections in which Whigs and Tories voted along party lines, creating division Terms: Whigs, Tories, Act of Union, Rage of Party, Regency Act |
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Charles II |
1660-1685 - declared king by the parliament of Scotland, the rest of England was led by de facto leader, Oliver Cromwell who defeated Charles I at the Battle of Worcester - Fled england and returned in 1660 due to Cromwells death in 1658 Decleration of Indulgences: favoured religious tolerance, wanted religious freedom for Catholic and Protestant dessenters but was rejected in 1672 Dissolved Parliament in 1681 Terms: Clarendon Code, Decleration of Indulgences, Exclusion Act |
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Richard III |
1483-1485 - killed his own nephews, brother, his wife and many more - killed by Richmond (Henry VII) |
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Robert Devereaux |
1565 - 1601: Elizabeth I - Tried to start the Essex Rebellion in 1601 because of his various military failures against Ireland and Elizabeth banishing him from court Terms: Nine Years War |
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Henry VII |
1485 - 1509 - Richmond -> 1485 seized crown after Battle of Bosworth field = killed Richard III = after war of Roses: he was of Lancaster, there were some funny pretenders for the throne Terms: Bill of Attainder, Recognizances, Privy Seal, Star Chamber |
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Francis Drake |
1540 - 1596: Elizabeth I - pirate (privateer), slave trader - he bothered Spanish for Elizabeth because they were "at war" - second-in-command against Armada - raided Cadiz in 1587 to delay Armada Terms: Armada, privateers, trade |
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Robert Dudley |
1532-1588: Elizabeth I Titles: Earl of Leicester, Master of Horse Wars: Kett's Rebellion, Dutch Revolt, Armada - known for being a favourite of Elizabeths - son-in-law, Devereaux, rose against Elizabeth |
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Edward VI |
1537-1553 (r. 1547-1553) - Edward Seymour (uncle), John Dudley (Northumberland) - protestant - Prayer Books 1549, 1552 - died young, Mary succeeded - tried to have Jane Grey on the Throne - prayer Book Rebellion (West) 1549 -> against the enclosure of farms |
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Thomas Cramner |
1489-1556: Henry VIII, Edward VI - Served as Archbishop of Canterbury - 1549, 1552 Prayer Book -> Broke with transubstantiation - English translation -> Great Bible - married while not supposed to - executed by Mary I, 1556 Terms: Book of Common Prayer, Thomas Wolsey, Great Matter, Reformation |
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Elizabeth I |
1553-1603: Gloriana, the Virgin Queen - ruled 1558-1603, protestant: Religious settlement. - faced and conqueredSpanish Armada. introduced 39 articles (calvanist). named heretic by pope pius V. Never married. William cecil (son of Robert Cecil) + Robert Dudley. Robert Devareux tried to rebellion (1601). Fined Catholic recusants. Had that terrible Irish war -> Nine years war Terms: nine years war, plantations, frantic drake, religious settlement, Spanish armada. |
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Oliver Cromwell |
1599-1658: Charles I,Oliver Cromwell - was a no-one until joining military. Largely successful in war against Charles I - becomes Lord Protectorate 1653-1658 - was a fifth monarchs puritan, created the Major Generals - Son, Richard Cromwell inherited the title but messed it up Terms: Lord protectorate, Major Generals, War of Three Kingdoms, Rump + Barebones Parliament |
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Thomas Cromwell |
1485-1540: Henry VIII - Chief minister to Henry VIII - Advocated Protestant Reformation - Engineered Henry'S annulment - tried to marry Henry to Anne of Cleve and fell from grace -> put under bill of attainder |
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John Dudley |
1504-1553: Edward VI - Becomes recognized by military action during Henry's Rough wooing of James V and battle of Pinkie Clough - took over from Somerset - tried to install Jane Grey on throne - executed by Mary I, 1553 |
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William Cecil |
1520-1598: Elizabeth I 1st Baron of Burgled - served as Elizabeth's loyal Lord High Privy Seal, Treasurer - strengthened Navy - Anglo-Scottish alliance (failed) - execution of Mary, queen of Scots - poor laws - religious settlement - he would finesse Parliament for Liz |
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Edward Seymour |
1500-1552: Edward VI - Edwards Lord Protectorate - agrees I've with Scotland (rough wooing) - Accused of treason by Northumberland (John Dudley) |
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James II |
1633-1701 (r. 1685-1688): James II - Brother of Charles II, Catholic - challenges toleration act, passes Declaration of Indulgences 1672 -> after birth James (son), Parliament (immortal seven) ask William to invade - James abdicated 1688. Terms: Glorious Revolution, Declaration of Indulgences, Test Acts |
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William III |
1650-1702 (r. 1689-1702): Mary II - husband to Mary II - Prince of Orange - asked by immortal seven to come 1688 -> Glorious Revolution - challenged by Jacobites - Whig favored -> ban of England creation - Nine Years War with France, peace with France (1698) |
