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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are penicillins know as?
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Beta-lactam antibiotics
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How do all beta-lactam antibotics work?
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Disruption of the cell wall
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Penicillins are generally bacteri(static/cidal).
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cidal
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Penicillins are only effective against actively growing bacteria.
T or F |
True
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How do penicillins work?
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Inhibition of Transpeptidase
Activation of autolysins |
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What do transpeptidases do?
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Catalyze crossbridges of the cell wall to make it strong
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What are the receptors that penicillin binds to?
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penicillin binding proteins (PBP)
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What bacteria are penicillins effective against?
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Gram + and only some Gram -
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What are beta-lactamases?
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Cleave the beta-lactam ring and render antibiotic inactive
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What is the prototype for the penicillin family?
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Penicillin G
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Penicillin G is a (broad/narrow) range agent.
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Narrow
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How is Penicillin G given?
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IM
IV- only potassium salt |
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How is penicillin eliminated?
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Kidneys
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What are the adverse effects of Penicillin G?
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Sensory or motor dysfunction (injection into nerve)
Severe reactions (Intra-arterial injection) Allergies |
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What causes the penicillin allergy?
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Compounds formed from the degradation of penicillin
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What is a drug interaction of Penicillin?
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Aminoglycosides (Penicillin inactivates it)
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What Penicillin is given orally?
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Penicillin V
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What are the three penicillinase resistant penicillins?
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Nafcillin (IV)
Oxacillin Dicolxacillin |
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What is the prototypic broad spectrum drug?
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Ampicillin
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What does is mean when something is methicillin resistant?
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Lack of susceptibility to methicillin (a penicillinase-resistant penicillin) and other same types of drugs
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What are the most common side effects of ampicillin?
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Rash
Diarrhea |
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Which is preferred for oral therapy? Ampicillin or Amoxicillin?
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Amoxicillin
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What is Augmentin?
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Amoxicillin with Clavulanic acid
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What are the Beta-lactamae Inhibitors?
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Clavulanic acid
Tazobactum Sulbactam |
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What is the broadest range penicillin?
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Ticarcillin
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Are the broad spectrum penicillins inactivated by beta-lactamaes?
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Yes
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What are the adverse effects of Ticarcillin?
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Sodium Overload
Promote Bleeding |
