Pelvis And Perineum

Front 1

Where does the ab cavity become the pelvis?

Back 1

Pelvic inlet

Front 2

What does the pelvic cavity contain?

Back 2

Rectum, urinary bladder, internal genitalia

Front 3

What separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum?

Back 3

Pelvic diaphragm

Front 4

What does the perineum contain?

Back 4

External genitalia, anal canal, urethra

Front 5

What three fused bones form the hip bone?

Back 5

Ilium, pubic, and ischium

Front 6

What is the point of fusion of the Ilium, pubic, and ischium?

Back 6

Acetabulum

Front 7

Is the subpubic angle wider in males or females?

Back 7

females

Front 8

What is in the anal triangle?

Back 8

Anal canal and anus and ischirectal fossae

Front 9

What is in the urogenital triangle?

Back 9

Anterior part of perineum; urethra and ext. genitalia

Front 10

What is the superficial fascia of the scrotum?

Back 10

Dartos tunic

Front 11

What is the "roof" of the perineum?

Back 11

pelvic diaphragm

Front 12

What are the anterior borders of perineum?

Back 12

Pubic arch and symphysis

Front 13

What are the lateral borders of the perineum?

Back 13

ischial tuberosities

Front 14

What are the posterior borders of perineum?

Back 14

Sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx

Front 15

What separates the UG and anal triangles?

Back 15

An imaginary line that passes thru ischial tuberosities

Front 16

What is the ischiorectal fossa?

Back 16

A fat filled space on sides of anal canal that allows it to expand/contract when pewping

Front 17

What are the lateral borders of ischiorectal fossa?

Back 17

obturator internus (actually its fascia)

Front 18

What are the supero-medial borders of ischiorectal fossa?

Back 18

infra-anal fascia / inferior fascia of pelvic diaphragm

Front 19

What are the anterior borders of ischiorectal fossa?

Back 19

Anterior recess of ischiorectal fossa

Front 20

What are the posterior borders of ischiorectal fossa?

Back 20

sacrotuberous ligament and overlying glut. max. muscle

Front 21

Where is the pudendal canal?

Back 21

Lateral boundary of ischiorectal fossa (in fascia or obturator internus)

Front 22

What innervates the external anal sphincter?

Back 22

Inferior rectal nerves.

Their damage would result in incontinence.

;_;

Front 23

what muscles comprise pelvic diaphragm?

Back 23

Levator ani and coccygeus

Front 24

What are the parts of the external anal sphincter?

Back 24

subcutaneous, superficial, deep

Front 25

Which part of the anal sphincter maintains continence?

Back 25

Deep

Front 26

What is the internal anal sphincter?

Back 26

Circular muscular coat of the wall of large intestine, doesn't really do that much

Front 27

Where does the pudendal nerve come from?

Back 27

The pudendal nerve comes from ventral rami of S2,S3, and S4. It's part of the sacral plexus.

Front 28

What are branches of the pudendal n.?

Back 28

1) Inferior anal n.:given off shortly after passing through the greater sciatic foramen.

2) Dorsal n. of penis/clitoris: deeper terminal branch, traveling into the deep perineal pouch

3) Perineal n: more superficial terminal branch

Front 29

What are the parts of the levator ani?

Back 29

1) Pubococcygeus (aka PC muscle): It controls urine flow and contracts during orgasm. It aids in urinary control and childbirth.

2) Puborectalis muscle: The fibers which form a sling for the rectum

3) Iliococcygeous - arises from the ischial spine and from the posterior part of the tendinous arch of the obturator fascia

Front 30

What is the arcus tendineus?

Back 30

A specialization of the obturator internus fascia. A strong band that stretches between the spine of the ischium and the superior pubic ramus.

Front 31

What is the perineal flexure?

Back 31

The change in shape the lower part of the large intestine undergoes when it becomes the rectum.

Front 32

What does the superficial part of the external anal sphincter do?

Back 32

Anchors the anus (think of controlling the hose so pewp doesn't spray everywhere)

Front 33

What does the subcutaneous part of the external anal sphincter do?

Back 33

really just gives the anus its wrinkles.

Front 34

What landmark separates internal from external hemorrhoids?

Back 34

Pectinate/dentate lines

Front 35

What vein do internal hemorrhoids most often involve?

Back 35

Superior rectal v.

Superior to pectinate line.

Most common.

Front 36

What vein do external hemorrhoids most often involve?

Back 36

Inferior rectal v.

Inferior to pectinate line.

Less common than internal hemorrhoids.

Front 37

What does the superior rectal vein eventually become?

Back 37

Inferior mesenteric vein

Front 38

Where does the superior rectal a. come from?

Back 38

Inferior mesenteric a.

Front 39

Where does the middle rectal a. come from?

Back 39

Internal iliac a.

Front 40

Where does the inferior rectal a. come from?

Back 40

Internal pudendal a.

Front 41

What does the middle rectal vein eventually become?

Back 41

internal iliac v.

Front 42

What does the inferior rectal vein eventually become?

Back 42

Internal pudendal v.

Front 43

Which rectal veins are/aren't usually involved in hemorrhoids?

Back 43

ARE: Inferior and superior (due to lack of muscular support)
AREN'T: Middle (since it drains muscular coat of rectum)

Front 44

Why are Internal hemorrhoids more
common than external hemorrhoids?

Back 44

due to the number of factors that
make the superior rectal vein more
prone to varicosities, like its long column of blood

Front 45

Back 45

1: Sacrum
2: Ilium
3: Ischium
4: Pubis
5: Pubic symphysis
6: Acetabulum
7: obturator foramen

Red dotted line = iliopectineal line

Front 46

Where is the iliopubic eminenance located?

Back 46

Point of contact between ilium and pubis.