Pelvis

Front 1

Pelvic bones

Back 1

2 hip bones, Sacrum, coccyx

Front 2

Hip bones are formed by?

Back 2

Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

Front 3

False (great) pelvis location

Back 3

Superior to superior pelvic aperture; flanked by ala of iliac bones; contains organs of abdomen

Front 4

True (lesser) pelvis location

Back 4

Inferior to false pelvis; Inferior boundary is inferior pelvic aperture; closed off by the urogenital diaphragm

Front 5

Sacrotuberous ligament attachments

Back 5

Extends from posterior iliac spines and the dorsal surface of the sacrum to the medial margin of the ischial tuberosity

Front 6

Boundaries of inferior pelvic aperture

Back 6

Anterior: pubic symphysis
Laterally: isciopubic ramus
Posterior: ischial tuberosities

Front 7

Sacrospinous ligament attachments

Back 7

Medial margin of the lower sacrum to the ischial spine

Front 8

Piriformis

Back 8

Anterior surface of the middle 3 sacral segments to tip of greater trochanter; innervated by S1-2

Front 9

Obturator internus

Back 9

Bone surrounding obturator foramen to medial aspect of the greater trochanter of femur; innervated by L5-S2

Front 10

Walls of Pelvis

Back 10

Hip bone, sacrum, piriformis, obturator internus

Front 11

Pelvic Floor

Back 11

Posterior: Coccygeus muscle
Anterior: Levator ani muscle

Front 12

Coccygeus muscle

Back 12

Ischial spine to lateral margin of the lower sacrum and coccyx; innervated by perineal branch of S4

Front 13

Levator ani

Back 13

Pubis and tendinous arch to coccyx; innervated by S4 and branches of pudenal nerve (S2-4)

Front 14

Parts of Levator ani

Back 14

Pubococcygeus muscle---fibers arise from pubis
Iliococcygeus muscle---fibers arise from tendinous arch and spine of ischium

Front 15

Lowest point in the peritoneal cavity in females

Back 15

Rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas)

Front 16

Vesicouterine pouch

Back 16

Peritoneum lined pouch that separates uterine from bladder

Front 17

Rectovesical pouch

Back 17

Peritoneal lined space between anterior surface of rectum and posterior surface of urinary bladder

Front 18

Location of bifurcation of abdominal artery

Back 18

L4

Front 19

Types of branches of internal iliac arteries

Back 19

Parietal and Visceral

Front 20

Parietal branches of internal iliac artery

Back 20

Superior gluteal, Obturator, iliolumbar, lateral sacral, inferior gluteal, internal pudendal

Front 21

Superior gluteal artery

Back 21

Passes between lumbosacral trunk and exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen to supply structures in gluteal region

Front 22

Obturator artery

Back 22

Leaves via obturator canal with the obturator nerve; supplies iliacus

Front 23

Iliolumbar artery

Back 23

Supplies iliacus and psoas major/minor

Front 24

Lateral sacral artery

Back 24

Supplies spinal branches that enter the sacral foramina

Front 25

Inferior gluteal artery

Back 25

Leaves pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen

Front 26

Internal pudendal artery

Back 26

Exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen to enter gluteal region; supplies external genitalia and structures of perineum

Front 27

Visceral branches of internal iliac artery

Back 27

Umbilical, Superior vesical, Inferior vesical, Vaginal, Uterine, Middle rectal

Front 28

Umbilical artery

Back 28

Gives rise to superior vesical arteries; becomes medial umbilical ligament

Front 29

Superior vesical artery

Back 29

Supplies bladder

Front 30

Inferior vesical artery

Back 30

Supplies fundus of bladder and lower part of urethra; in males, sends branches to prostate and seminal vesicles

Front 31

Vaginal artery

Back 31

Branch of inferior vesical artery

Front 32

Uterine artery

Back 32

Arises from internal iliac artery and crosses above and anterior to the ureters, placing them at risk during ligation of uterine during hysterectomy

Front 33

Middle rectal artery

Back 33

Contributes to blood supply of rectum

Front 34

Lymph in pelvic region drains to?

Back 34

Internal and external iliac nodes; goes to cisterna chyli

Front 35

Ureters crossed by?

Back 35

Females---Superiorly by uterine artery
Males---Superiorly by ductus deferens

Front 36

Parts of bladder

Back 36

Vertex---Most ventral corner of tetrahedron; continuous median umbilical ligament of anterior abdominal wall
Superior surface---triangle bounded by vertex and posterior corners with the bladder; only surface covered by peritoneum
Posterior surface---Males=faces the anterior wall of the rectum---Females=faces anterior wall of uterus
Neck of bladder---smooth muscle of bladder organized around bladder outlet and acts as sphincter (sphincter vesicle)

Front 37

Trigone

Back 37

Smooth triangular part of bladder

Front 38

Smooth muscle of bladder?
Innervated by?

Back 38

Detrusor muscle; Parasympathetic fibers from S2-4

Front 39

What system is in charge during urination?

Back 39

Parasympathetic

Front 40

What system is in charge during fill up of bladder?

Back 40

Sympathetic

Front 41

Male urethra divisions

Back 41

Spongy, Membranous, Prostatic

Front 42

What happens if pelvic floor is weakened in women?

Back 42

Bladder sags to sit on top of pelvic diaphragm and may lead to incontinence (leaky bladder)

Front 43

Ductus deferens

Back 43

Ascends from epididymis in scrotum via spermatic cord, entering abdominal cavity via inguinal canal

Front 44

Ampulla of ductus deferens

Back 44

Terminal portion that is dilated; joins with duct of seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory duct inside prostate gland

Front 45

Seminal vesicles

Back 45

Lies in front of anterior wall of rectum; produces seminal fluid

Hint 45

Look up

Front 46

Autonomic fibers of inferior hypogastric plexus innervate?

Back 46

Prostate, seminal vesicles, prostatic urethra

Front 47

Nerves that can be damaged during surgical removal of prostate?

Back 47

Fibers that innervate corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum, membranous and spongy urethra; leads to erectile dysfunction

Front 48

Ligament of the ovary

Back 48

Attaches ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus

Front 49

Suspensory ligament of the ovary

Back 49

Extension of posterior abdominal wall peritoneum; ovarian artery found here

Front 50

Parts of the Uterine tube

Back 50

Infundibulus, Ampulla, Isthmus

Front 51

Parts of Uterus

Back 51

Fundus, Body, Isthmus, Cervix

Front 52

Position of Uterus

Back 52

Anteverted and anteflexed; lies on superior surface of bladder

Front 53

External os

Back 53

Place where vaginal cavity is continuous with uterine cavity

Front 54

Anterior and posterior vaginal fornix

Back 54

Pocket in vagina formed by cervix

Front 55

Rectouterine pouch

Back 55

Peritoneum separates upper rectum from uterus

Front 56

Uterovesical pouch

Back 56

Peritoneum separates uterus from bladder

Front 57

Broad ligament

Back 57

Peritoneum that drapes over reproductive organs of female

Front 58

Broad ligament divisions

Back 58

Anterior and Posterior Leaves
Mesometrium
Mesosalpinx
Mesovarium

Front 59

Mesometrium

Back 59

Peritoneum on uterus

Front 60

Mesosalpinx

Back 60

Peritoneum that suspends uterine tube

Front 61

Mesovarium

Back 61

Peritoneum that connects ovary; DOES NOT COVER OVARY

Front 62

Round ligament

Back 62

Extends from body of uterus to pelvic brim and out through inguinal canal into labia majora

Front 63

Transverse cervical ligaments

Back 63

Attach to sides of cervix stabilizing uterus and vagina

Front 64

Uterosacral ligaments

Back 64

Extend back from uterus to rectum passing on either side to attach to sacrum; stabilize uterus in pelvis

Front 65

Pubovesical ligaments

Back 65

Extend forward to pubis around side of bladder

Front 66

Ligaments of the Uterus

Back 66

Condensed slips of pelvic fascia that provide support and transport for vessels

Broad, Round, Transverse cervical, Uterosacral, Pubovesical

Front 67

Sacral plexus

Back 67

S1-S4

Front 68

Pudendal nerves

Back 68

S2-S4; somatic innervation of perineum; it passes out the pelvic cavity through greater sciatic notch into gluteal region; passes posterior to ischial spine and enters perineum through lesser sciatic notch; travels with internal pudendal artery and vein

Front 69

Lumbosacral plexus

Back 69

L1-S4, Co

Front 70

Terminal branches of sacral and coccygeal plexuses pass through?

Back 70

Greater sciatic foramen and obturator foramen

Front 71

Sacral splanchnics carry?

Back 71

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers

Front 72

Pelvic splanchnics carry?

Back 72

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers (S2-S4)

Front 73

Superior hypogastric plexus

Back 73

Located on anterior surface of vertebral bodies below bifurcation of aorta; formed by merger of lumbar splanchnics and aortic plexus of abdominal region

Front 74

Right and Left hypogastric nerves

Back 74

Connect superior and inferior hypogastric plexus; contain sacral and pelvic splanchnics

Front 75

Inferior hypogastric plexus

Back 75

Located posterior in the true pelvis

Front 76

Portions of Pelvic Brim

Back 76

Sacral Promontory
Linea terminalis (Arcuate line and iliopectineal line)

Front 77

Muscle that "kinks the hose"

Back 77

Puborectalis

Front 78

Anorectal angle

Back 78

Unfixed part of rectum; mobile; Passes through pelvic diaphragm

Front 79

How many transverse folds in lumen of rectum?

Back 79

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