Peds Therapeutics

Front 1

Tx for hemarthrosis in children w Hemophilia A?

Back 1

IV Factor VIII

Front 2

MOA of succinylcholine?

Back 2

Initially binds to ACh-R and causes depolarization but remains bound.

Front 3

How would pseudocholinesterase deficiency manifest?

Back 3

prolonged anesethesia w/ succinyl treatment

Front 4

Tx for BPD related pulmonary edema?

Back 4

thiazide or spironolactone diuretics

Front 5

HyperGLUC refers to what?

Back 5

Thiazide diuretics

Front 6

Why are stimulants like methylphenidate useful for ADHD?

Back 6

increases awareness of external stimuli making kids moare attentive.

Front 7

Management of hepatoblastoma?

Back 7

partial hepatectomy and chemotherapy

Front 8

What is magneium used for? SE? Antidote?

Back 8

preeclampsia, status epilepticus, cardiac arrhythmias. blocks ACh release at NMJ-->muscle weakness and respiratory failure…use Ca to block action of magnesium at NMJ.

Front 9

Treatment for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus? Why?

Back 9

thiazides. losing too much water so thiazide increases proximal reabsorption of water to the point that it corrects the hyperNa seen in NDI.

Front 10

Tx for febrile seizures?

Back 10

usually nothing but if bad use phenobarbital or valproic acid.

Front 11

Most important serious side effect of propylthiouracil?

Back 11

agranulocytosis

Front 12

Mechanism of hepatic injury in acetominophen overdose?

Back 12

consumption of hepatic glutathiones leading to production of toxic metabolites which destroy hepatocytes

Front 13

ID in dental procedures? Sequelae? Tx? Who needs prophylactic treatment?

Back 13

Strep viridans. Endocarditis. Amoxicillin. Pts w rheumatic heart disease

Front 14

Treatment for mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Back 14

erythromycin.

Front 15

Main serious SE of chloramphenical?

Back 15

aplastic anemia

Front 16

How can sodium nitroprusside lead to paradoxical rise in BP? Antidotte?

Back 16

cyanide can develop which releases catecholamines. thiosulfates.

Front 17

What is hereditary prolongation of QT interval due to? What is it associated w (extra cardiac)?

Back 17

Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome associated w deafness. no deafness in Romano Ward syndrome. Can lead to ventricular arrhythmias.

Front 18

Deficiency of aldosterone leads to what changes in Na and K?

Back 18

aldosterone increase basolateral Na/K pumps and apical Na and K channels. This causes hypernatremia and hypokalemia

Front 19

Is Addison's a hyper or hyperaldosterone state?

Back 19

hypoaldo

Front 20

What is used as prophylactic treatment for pts w vWF disease before surgical procedures?

Back 20

DDAVP (desmopressin)

Front 21

Why would you treat nitrite poisoning w methylene blue?

Back 21

nitrites oxidize hemoglobin which makes methemoglobin which is reduced back w methylene blue.

Front 22

A pt w signs of meningitis should be prophylactically treated w what Abx?

Back 22

3rd gen cephalosporin plus either vanco or rifampin

Front 23

Relative glucocorticoid potencies of hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone and methylprednisolone?

Back 23

dex: 0.75mg, pred and methylpred ~4-5mg, hydrocortisone 20mg

Front 24

What should treatment be for a newborn with left side heart anomlies that lead to pulmonary congestion (i.e. cardiomegaly, hypoplastic left heart)?

Back 24

give PGE1 to maintain ductus arteriousus to maintain blood supply to body (will be less oxygenated but still works well).

Front 25

Side effects of INH?

Back 25

rash, hepatitis, sideroblastic anemia, peripheral neuropathy (HARNess the power of INH)

Front 26

What should you suspect in a patient who is being treated for TB who develops pain in her fingers and toes? What can be done to prevent this?

Back 26

peripheral neuropathy from INH tx. Use B6 prophylactically

Front 27

Management of bleeding esophageal varices?

Back 27

octreotide and sclerotherapy…octreotide increases the resistance in splanchnic vessels and reduces portal venous pressure.

Front 28

The only antileukemia medication that acheives high levels in CSF?

Back 28

prednisone

Front 29

What type of blood disorder develops in a child w a self-mutilating syndrome?

Back 29

Vit B12 deficiency anemia seen in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

Front 30

Treatment for Lesch Nyhan syndrome

Back 30

allopurinol

Front 31

What are s/sx of galactosemia?

Back 31

galactosemia = CHALLactosemia --> cataracts, hypotonia, acidosis (metabolic), lethargy, liver dysfxn.

Front 32

What are s/sx of galactokinase deficiency?

Back 32

cataracts

Front 33

Tx for neonatal meningitis?

Back 33

gent+amp or gent+ceftri

Front 34

Causes of neonatal meningitis?

Back 34

Strep B, E.coli, L. monocytogenes

Front 35

Treatment for a painless sore on the penis?

Back 35

syphilis. Penicillin G (injection)

Front 36

Treatment of an assumed bacterial infection (actually viral) by this Abx can cause rash…what is the virus and what is the Abx?

Back 36

EBV…may appear to be a otitis media and people given ampicillin may develop rash

Front 37

What CCB has a MOA unique from the other CCB?

Back 37

Nicardipine. more selective for coronary and cerebral arteries and leads to vasodilation and has no action on myocardial contractility.

Front 38

Cocaine acts on which adrenergic receptors? inhibit or activate?

Back 38

alpha and beta by increasing catecholamine release and thereby activates alpha and beta receptors

Front 39

What is treatment for whooping cough? What is characteritically absent in pertussis?

Back 39

Fever is absent tx w erythromycin or azithromycin

Front 40

Bacterial infections with a lymphocytosis?

Back 40

Pertussis, typhi

Front 41

Empiric tx for acute bacterial meningitis? Prophylaxis of family members?

Back 41

ceftriaxone or vancomycin…in infants <3mo add ampicillin…(if you are a MEN you need CV). Prophylaxis w rifampin

Front 42

What is used to reverse the muscarinic and nicotinic effects of organophosphate poisoning?

Back 42

atropine for muscarinic…cholinesterase activating oxime (praladoxime) for nicotinic.

Front 43

what childhood tumor is known for high cure rates in children?

Back 43

Wilms tumor.

Front 44

Treatment for pseudomembranous colitis?

Back 44

metronidazole

Front 45

Tx for entamoeba histolytica? What does E. histolytica cause?

Back 45

metronidazole. causes amebic dysentry.

Front 46

What age group needs fluoride the most?

Back 46

6mo to 8years

Front 47

Main side effect of vincristine? How does it present?

Back 47

peripheral neuropathy in a glove/stocking distribution (sensory) w foot/ankle drop (motor)

Front 48

What is better to dx pancreatitis in kids? Lipase and amylase?

Back 48

Lipase (cleared more slowly)

Front 49

What is Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome?

Back 49

Pre-excitation of the ventricles of the heart due to accessory pathway called the Bundle of Kent. Can be asymptomatic and emergency tx is electrical cardioversion

Front 50

What are tet spells? Tx for tet spells?

Back 50

Tet spells are cyanotic episodes seen in children w tetralogy of fallot who are suddenly startled or begin to cry. During tet spells there is a decrease pulmonary blood flow as a result of decreased peripheral resistance causing a increased R to L shunt. Treatment is increase peripheral resistance…this is done by putting baby ina knee to chest position, morphine (decrease respiratory drive), beta blockers (decrease infundibular spasm), and phenylephrine (alpha agonist to increase SVR)

Front 51

Treatment for gonorrhea?

Back 51

TriGone: cefTRiaxone

Front 52

Treatment for chlamydia?

Back 52

DOC full of AZIan CLAMS: doxycycline or azithromycin (single dose)