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116 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ABG'S
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any gases present in the blood o2 and co2
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adenoidectomy
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removal of adenoids
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antihistamines
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drug that opposes action of histamine
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ARDS
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fluid build up in lungs prevent oxygenation
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asthma
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allergic rxn to stimuli
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atelactisis
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collapsed or airless condition of the lung
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stridor
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high pitched, inspiration, obstruction of airway
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rhonchi
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coarse rattling, snoring sound
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vesicular
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soft blowing sounds, heard lung fields, continous thru expiration
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bronchovesicular
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inspiratory and expiratory equal,soft and high pitched
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bronchial sounds
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heard over the trachea and larynx, inspiratory phase usually being loud
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crackles
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explosive popping
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wheeze
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continous musical sounds
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sibilant wheeze
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high pitched musical, squeeky
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sonorous
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low pitched snore
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fine crackles
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high, short popping, end of inspiration
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course crackles
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loud, low bubbling/gurgling
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audible wheeze
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heard w/o stetheschope
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bronchistatis
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lung condition, filled with fluid, no elasticity
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bronchiolitis
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viral infxn of bronchioles
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bronchiole pneumonia
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pneumonia spreads to lungs
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bronchodialators
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drug that expands bronchiole by relaxing muscle
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broncocophny
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abnml tone in voice or clarity
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cromlyn sodium inhaler
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anti imflammatory drug for asthma
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croup
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barking cough and stridor
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cystic fibrosis
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genetic, affects the lungs and digestive system,cant transport chloride
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decongestants
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reduce congestion
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diffusion
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move from high to low concentration
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egophony
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abnormal change in tone, heard over the lungs
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hemothorax
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blood in the cavity of lungs
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hemopnemothorax
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blood/air in cavit
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perfussion
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blood circulation thru tissue
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postural drainage
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pts posistioned so that gravity assist with drainage of secretions,
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pleural friction rub
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low-pitched, grating, or creaking sounds that occur when inflamed pleural surfaces rub together during respiration
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pleural effusion
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accumulation of fluid between the layers of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavity. ...
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pleurisy
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inflammation of the pleura
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pneumonia
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inflammation of the lungs due to bacteria
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residual volumne
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air that remains in the lungs after most forceful exhalation
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internal respiration
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the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and cells
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external respiration
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exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the environment and respiratory organ
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rhinitis
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inflammation of the nasal mucosa
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ribaviran
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antiviral/treats rsv
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rhinorrhea
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thin watery discharge from nose
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rsv
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major cause of respiratory illness in kids
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status asthmaticus
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life threatning, not respond to epi, aminophylline
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steatorrhea
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excess fat in feces, malabsorption
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total lung capacity
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total amt of air lungs can hold after greatest inhalation
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turburculoe
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lesion resulting from tubercule bacilli
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ventilation
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The exchange of air between the lungs and the atmosphere so that oxygen can be exchanged for carbon dioxide in the alveoli
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whn does larngotracheal grove develop
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2-4 weeks gestation
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whn does the hollow tube of the laryngotracheal grove seperate
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4th week
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when does the diaphragm seperate
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7th week
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whn does surfactant appear in infants
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24th week
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when does alveoli/capillaries appear in infants
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24/28th week
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what are some system assessments for respiratory disorders
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v/s, respirations, use of accessory muscles, cyanosis, clubbing, auscultation, cough, restlessness, need for 02
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what are some nursing implementations for respiratory disorders
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conservation of energy, fluid balance, control temp(tepid baths, cooling mattresses) oxygen, humidified air, infection control by isolation/antibiotics, monitor for complications
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Ways to avoid respiratory distress in kids
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functioning respiratory center,intact nerve cells, patent airway, alveoli that can expand/contract, adequate pulmonary capillary, adequate o2, functioning cardio system
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infant respiratory distress syndrome treatment
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corticosteroids during labor, synthetic surfactant, mechanical ventilation, o2
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How does infant respiratory distress syndrome work
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lungs collapse, poor lung perfusion, fluid/fibrin leak into alveoli decreases lung expansion and gas exchange
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s/s of infant respiratory distress syndrome
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tachypnea, flaring,retractions, frothy sputum, low blood pressure, cyanosis, apnea
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what are upper respiratory conditons
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nasophyrangitis, allergic rhinnitis, tonsillits/adenoiditis, acute pharyngitis, epiglotitis, croup syndromes
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what is nasophyrangitis
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common cold
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what causes nasophyrangitis
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rhinovirus
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how would nurse treat nasophyrangits
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rest, clear airways, fluids, prevent fever
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s/s of nasophyrangitis
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discharge, irritiable, sore throat, cough, discomfort..high fever
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what is allergic rhinnits
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inflammation of nasal mucosa
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What happens w/allergic rhinnits
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histamine is released cause edema and increased mucous
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how to dx allergic rhinnits
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h/p, lab of mucous
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how to treat allergic rhinnits
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antihistamines, decongestants immunotherapy
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what is tonsillitis/adenoiditis
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inflammed tonsils, adenoids
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s/s of t and a
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can't swallow/breath, mouth breathing
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How do you treat tonsilitis and adenoiditis
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cool mist, gargle with salt, lozenges abx culture for strep
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post op tx of t/a
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watch for bleeding, increase in v/s, red emesis, ice collar applied, limited clear fluids, no coughing/clearing throat/blowing nose, pain relief. avoid highly seasoned food, and keep quiet
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what is acute pharyngitis
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infxn of throat, ages 5 - 15
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s/s of acute pharyngitis
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sore throat, fever, malaise, can't swallow, anorexia. pink eye, rhinnits, cough and hoarsenss gradual leaves in about 5 days. if strep identified, penicillin given for ten days
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treatment of acute pharyngitis
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promptly may lead to other serious complications
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what is streptococcal phyrangitis
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strep throat
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s/s of strep
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fever sore throat, swollen lymph, fatigue nausea, mouth red, exudate on tongue
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treatment of strep
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pcns
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complications of strep
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abscess, sinutis, mastoiditis, ear infx, rheumatic fever, glmerulonephritis
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what is epiglottitis
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swelling of the tissue above vocal cords
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what causes epiglotitis
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h infunenzae
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s/s of epiglotitis
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abrupt onset, sitting up/leaning forward to breath, drooling, wide eyed anxious, froglike croak on inspiration, no cough
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dx of epiglottitis
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h/p, epiglottis look like big thumb
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trmt of epiglottitis
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trach/endotrach tube, o2
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nursing implications of epiglottititis
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flu vaccine, no tongue depressor,must have trach set at bedside
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most common type of croup
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acute
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what causes croup
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viral, mild uri before
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Pathophys of croup
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edema of cilia, cause respiratory obstruction
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s/s of croup
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barking/brassy cough, orthopnea, tachycardia diminished breath sounds
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how to treat croup
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cool mist, steam from shower
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what is croupette
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nebulizing device in hospital, iv for hydration, rest, check v/s, keep o2 at 90, no narcotics/sedatives, nebulize epi, steroids decrease inflammation
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what are lower respiratory infxns
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brochitis, bronchchiolitis, rsv, pneumonia, asthma, cystic fibrosis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia
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what is bronchitis
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inflammed bronchi, never 1st infection
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s/s of bronchitis
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unproductive cough worse at night
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treatmant of bronchitis
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cough suppresants
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how would nurse treat bronchitis
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symptomatic treatment
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bronchiolitis
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infxn of bronchioles
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treatment of bronchilotis
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symptoms, bronchodialators, high humidity, semi fowlers,
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nsg treatment of bronchiolitis
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patent airway, bed raised, humidifier, hydration
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How do you treat rsv
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ribaflavin
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nursing assessment of rsv
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tachpnea/tachycardia, wheezing, 90% o2, suction, i/o(1-2 ml)
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trmnt of pneumonia
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fever meds, oxygen, hydration, rest suppressants, suction
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nsg implications of pneumonia
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no smoking, prevention precaustions, flu shot, isolette/croupette
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s/s of asthma
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cough, wheeze, itching, air hunger, increase pulse and resp, shiners and mouth breathing
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trmt of asthma
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maintain pulmonary fxn, maintain activity level, prvent chronic s/s, prevent exacerbation, self care, bronchodialators, antiinflammatory
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cystic fibrosis s/s
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meconioum ileum at birth, salty skin, cough, lots of infxns, stearhea, distention, fail to grow, fail to gain weight
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how to dx cystic fibrosis
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sweat test
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trmnt for cystic fibrosis
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preventing infxns, physiotherapy, bronchodialators, o2, no cough suppressants
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nursing care for cystic fibrosis
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hygiene change posistions
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What would nurse goals be for cystic fibrosis
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minimize secretions, adequate nutrition, help family cope
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Who gets bronchopulmonary dysplasia
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result of mechanical ventilation or premature
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cause of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
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o2 abve 40,mechanical ventillation
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how is bronchopulmonary dysplasia dx
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x ray, wheezing, retractions, cyanosis, accessory muscles, clubbing, failure to thrive, hypoxia
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trmnt for bronchopulmonary dysplasia
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min pressure on o2, bronchodialators, anti inflammatories,
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Teaching for bronchop dysplasia
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cyanosis and infections
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