Peds - Respiration

Front 1

normal pulse and respiratory rates

Back 1

see text

Front 2

cardinal signs of respiratory distress

Back 2

1.restlessness
2.increased respiratory rate
3.increased pulse rate
4.diaphoresis

Front 3

other signs of respiratory distress

Back 3

1.flaring of nostrils
2.retractions
3.grunting
4.adventitious breath sounds (or absence of breath sounds)
5.use of accessory muscles,
head bobbing
6.alterations in blood gases: decreased Po2 and elevated Pco2
7. cyanosis and pallor

Front 4

nursing implication

Back 4

1a peds client often goes into respiratory failure before cardiac failure
2. know the signs of respiratory distress

Front 5

Asthma -description

Back 5

inflammatory reactive airway disease, it is commonly chronic.
s/s
1. the airway becomes edematous
2. airway becomes congested with mucus
3. smooth muscle of bronchi and bronchiole constrict
4.air trapping occurs in the alveoli

Front 6

Asthma - nursing assessmen

Back 6

1. Hx of asthma in the family
2. Hx of allergies
3. Home environment containing pets and other allergens
4. tight cough (non productive cough)
5. breath sounds: coarse, expiratory wheezing, rales, crackles
6. chest diameter enlarges (late signs and symptoms
7. increased number of school days missed during the past 6 months
8. signs of respiratory distress

Front 7

Asthma -nursing diagnosis

Back 7

1. impaired gas exchange r/t
2. ineffective breathing pattern r/t

Front 8

Asthma -nursing plans an intervention

Back 8

nursing plan and intervention - asthma

1.monitor carefully for increasing respiratory distress
2.adminster rapid acitng bronchodilator andsterioid for acute attacks
3.maintain hydration (oral fluid or IV)
4.monitor blood gas values for signs of respiratory acidosis
5.administer oxygen or nebulizer therapy as prescribed
6. monitor pulse oximetry as prescribed (usually >95%)
7.=monitor theophylline levels (10-20 mcg/ml is desired=beta adrenergic agonists (2nd generation sympathomimetic agens e.g albuterol, Intal, Xopenex, pulmicort)
8. administer cromolyn sodium prophylactically to prevent inflammatory response

Front 9

Asthma - Teaching home care program

Back 9

1. id precipitating factors
2. reducing allergens
3. using MDI (metered-dose inhaler
4. monitoring peak expiratory flow rate
5. doing breathing exercises
6. monitor drug actions, dosages, and side effects
7. how to manage acute episodes and when to seek emergency care

Front 10

Cystic Fibrosis - description

Back 10

cystic fibrosis: an autosomal recessive disease that causes the dysfunction of the exocrine gland, leading to mucus accumulation that obstructs vital structures. CF affects:
1.lung insufficiency
2.pancreatic insuffiency
3.loss of sodium and chloride

Front 11

Cystic Fibrosis - assessment

Back 11

1. found in caucasian infant and child
2 presence of meconium ileus
3recurrent resp. infection
4. pulmonary congestion
5. steatorrhea (excessive fat and greasy stools)
6. foul smelling bulky stools
7. delayed growth and poor wt gain
8. skin taste salty when kissed
9. late cyanosis, nail-bed clubbing and CHF