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300 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How long s/p birth:
-Colustrum available -Milk available |
Colustrum: immed
Milk: w/in 40h |
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Infant WCC:
What s/sx is most sensitive indicator of NUTRITIONAL status? |
WEIGHT
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S/p birth:
Neonate feeds how many times in first 24h? |
Immed --> 8-12x
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What age:
Introduce free H2O? |
4-6mo
(once taking solid foods) |
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First days of life: does colustrum meet nutritional reqs?
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YES
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0-6mo:
Does soy formula have enough protein? |
yes
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Is it safe to combine formula concentrate with water in 1:1 ratio?
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YES - if concentrate
Never safe to dilute non-concentrated formula to "stretch it out" |
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Calorie reqs for infant that is:
-term -preterm -very low bw |
Term: 100-120 cal/kg/d
Preterm: 115-130 Very low bw: 150 |
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Do breast-fed infants req vitamin D? Formula fed?
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ALL infants req supp vitamin D
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ALL infants (breast & formula) req what supplement?
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Vitamin D
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What age:
Introduce solid foods (rice cereal) |
4-6mos
(IRON-fortified solids) (many premies NOT ready for solids at 4mos) |
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What age:
Eat STRAINED foods (pasta, toast, banana) |
9mos
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9mo: req how many calories/day? What % from milk/formula?
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100 cal/kg/d
75% breastmilk/formula |
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What age:
Infant feeds themselves |
9mos
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What age:
Introduce toast, pasta, banana |
9mo
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What age:
Introduce MEAT |
9mo
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Infant: how often introduce 1 new food?
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q5-7 days start 1
(ID allergies) |
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Infant:
when introduce hot dog? |
NEVER - choke
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Term infant:
Gains how much wt per day? |
20-30 g/day
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4mo: weights ____x birth weight
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2x bw
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What age:
Weigh 2x birth weight |
4mo
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What age:
Weight 3x birth weight |
12mo
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1yo: weighs ___x birth weight
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3x
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<1yo:
-# wet diapers per day -# stools per day |
6+ wet
6-8 stools |
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What age:
2x birth LENGTH |
4mo
(same as 2x birth weight) |
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4mo: ___x birth length
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2x length
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Red reflex: hold opthalmoscope how far from infant?
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10 inches
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Red reflex: what 1st see?
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at BIRTH
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Red reflex present or absent?:
Cataracts |
Absent
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Red reflex present or absent?:
Glaucoma |
Absent
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Red reflex present or absent?:
Retinoblastoma |
Absent
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Red reflex present or absent?:
Chorioretinitis |
Absent
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Rectal exam on infant:
-when perform? (what scenario) -what position hold infant? |
Only if abd mass; not part of routine
Pt SUPINE (on back) --> flex knees |
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Enlarged thyroid common or rare in child?
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RARE
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Enlarged LNs:
-common or rare in toddler? -non/tender? -shotty located in what areas? |
Common
NT Shotty in ANT & POST cervical |
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Murmur in toddler:
-most non/fxnl? |
FUNCTIONAL
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NEW murmur: common due to congen HD?
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No
--rarely 2/2 congen |
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In-toeing in toddler: commonly due to what anatomic variant?
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Tibial torsion
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Tibial torsion in toddler: leads to what type of gait?
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IN-TOEING
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What is youngest age you administer INFLUENZA?
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6mo
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Immunization S/E: fussy + fever
-how long last? -need to see doc? |
Commonly last 24h
If >24 --> see doc |
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What age:
Baby sleeps through night |
4-6mo
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How position in car:
<1yo |
carseat, middle back seat, face back
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How position in car:
<10kg |
carseat, middle back seat, face back
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How position in car:
1-4yo |
Carseat, backseat, face forward
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How position in car:
4-8yo |
Booster, back, forward
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How position in car:
8-12yo |
Backseat, face forward
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SURVEY or SCREEN?:
Bright futures |
Survey
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SURVEY or SCREEN?:
PEDS test |
Screen
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SURVEY or SCREEN?:
M-CHAT |
Screen
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What is name for peds SURVEY most commonly used?
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Bright Futures
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What age:
Laughs, smiles |
2mo
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What age:
Sits unsupported |
6mo
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What age:
Look for dropped item |
6mo
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What age:
Stranger RECOG |
6mo
(contrast anxiety- 9mo) |
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What age:
Stand w/support |
9mo
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What age:
mama, dada (nonspecific) |
9mo
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What age:
Patty-cake |
9mo
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What age:
STRANGER ANX |
9mo
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What age:
Stands alone |
1yo
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What age:
Mama, Dada - SPECIFIC |
1yo
(contrast non-specific - 9mo) |
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Infant screening: do low measures of social/cog & language --> predict intellectual delays?
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YES
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What age:
Tricycle |
3yo
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What age:
CIRCLE |
3yo
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What age:
Cross |
3yo
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What age:
Knows name, age, sex |
3yo
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3yo: can draw what shape?
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Circle, cross
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What age:
Knows 2 actions, 1 color |
3yo
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3yo: knows how many actions? colors?
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2 actions
1 color |
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What test:
Parents answer illustrated 30-item question at designated intervals |
Ages & Stages Questionarre (ASQ)
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What test:
5 key areas (commun, gross & fine motor, prob-solv, personal/social) |
Ages & Stages (ASQ)
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Ages & Stages Questionairre (ASQ):
-use what ages? -how many Qs? -how long to fill out? -tests what areas? |
0-5yo (contrast PEDS - 0-8)
30 Qs 10-15 min 5 areas: communication, gross motor, fine motor, prob-solving, social/personal |
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Low or high sens & spec:
-ASQ -PEDS test |
Both high spec & sens
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What test:
parent answers Y/N/sometimes --> color-coded score --> user guide to assess risk |
ASQ
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PEDS test:
-useful what ages? -how many Qs? -what are 2 uses? |
0-8 yrs
10q (3 min) uses: 1. Develop screen test 2. Assess parent's concerns |
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What test:
10 questions --> use to screen development OR assess parent's concerns |
Parent's Eval of Developmental Status (PEDS test)
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What test: used in:
-0-5yo -0-6yo -0-8yo |
0-5: ASQ
0-6: Denver II 0-8: PEDS |
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What test:
Reqs direct observation & parent report |
Denver II
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Denver II:
-use what ages? -tests what areas? -low,mod or high sens & spec for development delay? |
0-6yo
Tests (4): gross, fine, language, social MODERATE sens & spec |
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What test:
TEACHES developmental milestones |
Denver II
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What test:
Reqs child cooperation --> time-consuming |
Denver II
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Premature birth:
CORRECTED AGE = |
Chronologic age - days/mos prematurity
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Neuroblastoma in abdomen <1yo:
-sympto? jaundice? -how affect G&D? |
Asympto, no jaundice
May see normal G&D |
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What dz:
Abd CT: heterogeneous, cystic mass with calcifications |
Neuroblastoma
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Neuroblastoma in abdomen <1yo:'
2 sites of mets |
Chest LNs
Posterior mediastinum |
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What dz:
Small round BLUE CELLS |
Neuroblastoma
(e.g. abdominal) |
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Neuroblastoma in abdomen <1yo:
How appear tumor cells (histo) |
small round blue cells
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What dz:
Bone marrow ROSETTES |
Neuroblastoma
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What dz:
Tumor cells w/dense, hyperchromic nuclei |
Neuroblastoma
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Neuroblastoma in abdomen <1yo:
How affect CBC? |
BM infiltrate --> ANEMIA, other cytopenia
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Neuroblastoma in abdomen <1yo:
In/decrease urine HVA:VMA? |
INCREASE
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What dz:
Abdominal mass in infant + increased HVA/VMA |
Neuroblastoma
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Wilms tumor: see LAD?
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NO
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Abdominal neuroblastoma:
CT appears homo/heterogeneous? cysts? |
HETERO
CYSTS (hemorrh, necrosis) |
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Which has more hemorrhage & necrosis:
Wilms tumor or neuroblastoma? |
Neuroblastoma
(appears more cystic on CT) |
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What dz:
Abd mass + heterogenous mass (CT) + PSEUDOCAPSULE |
Wilms tumor
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Wilms tumor: CT shows demarcation b/w tumor & parenchyma?
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YES
=pseudocapsule |
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Wilms tumor:
where mets? |
PULM (see on CXR)
(contrast neuroblastoma - mets to chest LNs & post mediastinum) |
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Wilms tumor: req BM aspiration?
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NO - only if:
1. pain 2. unfavorable tumor histo |
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Wilm's tumor: affect UA?
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Yes - hematuria
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Abdominal TERATOMA in infant: common or rare?
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RARE
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Abdominal teratoma:
see jaundice? pallor? |
No neither
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Hepatic tumor in infant: common or rare? see jaundice? affect G&D?
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RARE
jaundice decreased G&D |
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Anemia in 3yo:
#1 etio |
Iron-deficiency 2/2 malnutrition
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Anemia in 3yo:
Is anemia itself a good predictor of Fe2+ deficiency? |
NO -- poor predictor of iron def in diet
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HIV in infant: expect anemia?
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YES (ACD)
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What dz:
Microcytic anemia with decreased RDW |
thalasemmia, sickle cell dz
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Micro/normo/macro anemia:
-SCD -Thal |
Both MICRO
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Mild (>9) or severe (<9) anemia:
Aplastic anemia |
severe
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Mild (>9) or severe (<9) anemia:
Folate deficiency |
severe
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Mild (>9) or severe (<9) anemia:
B6 deficiency |
Severe
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What 3 nutritional defs can cause anemia?
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Iron
Folate B6 |
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3yo w/IDA: req iron supplement OR can just encourage iron-rich foods?
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Give Fe2+
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INITIAL labs in anemia w/u:
-retic? -smear? |
YES
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INITIAL labs in anemia w/u:
-stool blood? -UA? |
YES
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Iron-def anemia:
-micro/macro? -hypo/hyperchromic? -DEC/INCREASED retics? |
Micro, hypo
DECREASED RETICS |
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Hemophilia A or B:
Decreased VIII |
A
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Hemophilia A or B:
Decreased IX |
B
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Hemophilia A: what def?
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Decreased VIII (8)
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Hemophilia B: what def?
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Decreased IX (9)
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Hemophilia: how affect:
-PTT -Bleed time |
PTT: prolonged
Bleed time: normal |
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What dz:
Prolonged PTT, normal bleed time |
Hemophilia
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How inherit:
Hemophilia |
X- RECESSIVE
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How inherit:
vWD |
AD
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What dz:
-prolonged PTT, normal bleed time -prolonged bleed time, normal PT |
HemoPhilia: prolonged PTT, normal bleed time
vWD: prolonged bleeD time, normal PT |
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What dz:
Post-tonsillectomy bleed |
vWD
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What dz:
Epistaxis |
vWD
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What dz:
Gingival bleed |
vWD
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vWD: how inherit
-Type I -II -III |
I&II: AD
III: AR |
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vWD: what is defect in:
-type I -II -III |
I: decreased vWF (mild)
II: QUAL defect III: undetectable vWF (severe) |
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vWD: which TYPE?
Decreased vWF; MILDEST |
I
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vWD: which TYPE?
Most common (70%) |
I
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vWD: which TYPE?
inherited AR |
III
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vWD: which TYPE?
QUAL defect |
II
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vWD: which TYPE?
Undetectable vWF |
III
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vWD: which TYPE?
Most severe |
III (undetectable vWF)
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vWD: how tx?
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Intranasal OR IV desmo
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What dz?:
Tx w/intranasal or IV desmopressin |
vWD
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Atopic dermatitis: 2/2 what TWO immune mxns?
|
1. Increased IgE
2. Dysregulated Ab production (encoded by DIFFERENT gene sets) |
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Atopic dermatitis:
-apply lubricant? -admin anti-inflamms? |
Yes- lube
ST anti-inflamms (alternate b/w low & high concens) |
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What age:
Able to eat at table |
3yo
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3yo nutrition: normal to prefer BLAND foods?
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yes
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What age:
1st dentist visit |
3yo
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What age:
d/c bottle |
1yo
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3yo: limit how many meals & how many snacks?
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3 meals, 2 snacks
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Can you give pre-schooler: H2O w/ice?
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YES - prefer
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How determine:
WEIGHT AGE |
Age at which wt plots @ 50%
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Predispose to UNDER or OVERweight:
Bardet-Biedl syndrome |
Over
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Predispose to UNDER or OVERweight:
Cohen syndrome |
Over
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Does high birthweight correl w/childhood obesity?
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YES
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What % of 6-19yo are obest?
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15%
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Childhood obese: assoc w/SES?
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Yes -- low SES
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What % will become obese adults?:
-obese 4yo -obese adolescent |
4yo --> 20% obese adults
adol --> 80% obese adults |
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What is increased risk that child will be obese:
-1 obese parent -2 obese parents |
1: 3x
2: 10x |
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Normal 3yo: which is stronger predictor of obesity in adulthood:
Child's current wt OR parental obesity |
Parental obesity
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Early adolescence: normal to see dec/increase insulin sensitivity?
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Adol --> DECREASE insulin sensitivity (i.e. normal to see transient insulin resistance) --> increase wt gain
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Menarche --> increase/decrease risk of obesity?
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Increase
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BMI =
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Kg/m2
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BMI: what # and %tile:
-overweight -obese |
Over: 25-30 (85-95%)
Obese: >30 (>95%) |
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What fraction of obese children are hypertensive?
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1/3
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Obesity: assoc with restrictive lung disease? reactive?
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Restrictive (inc OSA, pickwick)
NOT assoc w/reactive |
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Obesity: assoc w/Blount disease?
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YES
(outward bowing of tibia) |
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What dz:
Wide physis (hip x-ray) |
SCFE
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SCFE: wide or narrow physis?
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WIDE
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SCFE: displace what 2 components of femur?
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HEAD & NECK (thru physeal plate)
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What dz:
obese kid w/delayed sex maturation & antalsic gait |
SCFE
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SCFE: see limited INT or EXT rotation of hip?
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limited INTERNAL rotation
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ADHD: sxs for how long? # settings?
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6+ mos and before 7yo
2+ settings |
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ADHD: req how many sxs (inattn or hyper)?
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6+
(either type) |
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How distinguish inattention ADHD from sleep disorder (e.g. OSA)?
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Sleep: decreased sleep & tired
ADHD: poor sleep but NOT over-tired |
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MDD in child: high rate of converting to what psych condition?
|
MANIA
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ADHD: assoc w/oppositional defiance disorder? conduct disorder?
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BOTH
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ADHD: how tx? (1 drug; know dosing)
|
Sustained-release methylphenidate (concerta) 18mg po bid
BIDBIDBID |
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T2DM: accounts what % total child DM?
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10-50%
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Childhood DM: inc/decrease appetite?
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INCREASE (polyphagia)
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What # to dx DM:
-Random BG -Fasting -2h OGT --Which method preferred to dx DM? |
Random: >200
Fast: >120 2h OGT: >200 FASTING PREFERRED |
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DM: screen ALL overweight children? when start screen (2 options)? screen how often?
|
Screen if: overwt (85%) + 2 (Fhx, sxs, etc)
Start 10yo OR puberty onset Screen q2 years |
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How define NORMAL BP in child?
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Both SBP & DBP <90% (age/gender/ht/wt)
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What age:
Start routine BP check |
3yo
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Name for: SBP & DBP:
-90-95% -95-99% ->99% |
90-95%: pre-hypertension
95-99%: stage I HTN >99: stage II |
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What % SBP & DBP:
Pre-hypertension |
90-95%
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What % SBP & DBP:
Stage I HTN |
95-99%
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What % SBP & DBP:
Stage II HTN |
>99%
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Increased BP in >6yo: most due to 1' or 2' HTN?
|
PRIMARY
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What dz:
Young child with HTN + no family hx HTN |
Ao coarctation
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Childhood HTN: damages which heart chamber?
|
LVH
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Order what labs: obese child with:
-85-95%, no risks -85-95%, risks ->95% |
Order what labs: obese child with:
-85-95%, no risks: fasting lipids -85-95%, risks: ALT, AST, BG ->95%: BUN, Cr |
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Obese child: how tx:
-85-95% >95% in pre-teen, teen |
85-95: slow wt GAIN (until <85%)
95: active wt loss (gradual) Pre: <1lb/mo Teen: 1 lb/mo |
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Obese child:
-limit TV hrs? -amt exercise |
TV <2h
Exercise: 60min every day |
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Pedigree: try to get how many generations?
|
3rd
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How inherit:
Marfan |
AD
(DOM!) |
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How inherit:
neurofibromatosis |
AD
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How inherit:
Duchenne's Musc Dys |
XR
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How inherit:
MELAS |
mito
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Is it EVER possible for male to transmit mito dz?
|
Rare; can see if nuclear gene mutation --> dysreg mito protein
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How inherit:
CF |
AR
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How inherit:
Tay-Sachs |
AR
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Name for:
genetic test to determine the effects of a med |
Pharmacogenetics
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All states req neonatal screen for what 2 dzs?
|
1. PKU
2. Hypothyroid |
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What imaging:
Posterior fossa |
MRI
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#1 SOLID childhood cancer
|
Brain tumor
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Ped brain tumor:
Neuroectodermal tumor comprise what % ped brain tumors? |
25%
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What is most common TYPE of brain tumor (histo)?
|
Neuroectodermal (medulloblastoma) - 25%
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Astrocytoma: more common in cerebellum or brainstem?
|
Cerebellum
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Ped brain tumor: which more common:
astrocytoma or glioma |
astrocytoma
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How tx: unresectable brain tumor?
|
Surgical histo confirm --> XRT & chemo, possible BMT
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Non- or Lateralizing ataxia:
Cerebellitis |
NON (affects entire cerebellum)
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L cerebellar tumor:
-fall which direction? -nystagmus which direction? -past-pointing in which direction? |
ALL LEFT
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If pt presents with LEFT-sided nystagmus --> suspect tumor on WHICH HEMI?
|
LEFT CEREBELLUM
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Basilar migraine: see:
-vomit? -vision change? -increased ICP? |
Vomit & vision change
NO INCREASE ICP |
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#1 etiology ataxia in child
|
CEREBELLITS
(No increase ICP) |
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Can toxins/meds increase ICP? See non/lateralizing ataxia?
|
YES! Can increase ICP --> NON-lateralizing ataxia & nystagmus
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Delivering bad news: is it OK to TOUCH pt?
|
YES
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Teen interview: should you set up expectation for interview at beginning?
|
Yes
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Teen: start with specific OR open-ended questions?
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SPECIFIC
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Teen interview: if parent refuses to leave --> should you advocate for adolescent privacy?
|
Yes
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T/F offer HIV test to ALL sexually-active >13yo
|
TRUE
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Normal range puberty:
-F -M |
F: 8-13yo
M: 10-15yo |
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Tanner staging: assess what 2 features (M, F)?
|
M: pubes, testes
F: pubes, breasts |
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Name for:
Measure of BODY COMPOSITION |
anthropometry
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Which measure:
Most sensitive indicator of growth abnormalities |
growth VELOCITY
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PTT: intrins or extrins?
|
Extrins
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EBV: what % 35-40yo infected?
|
95%
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EBV: infection in adol --> what % develop mononucleosis?
|
35-50%
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EBV:
-fever? -LAD? -sore throat? -how long is incubation? |
fever + sore throat + swollen LNs
Incubates 4-6w |
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HIV+ mother --> what % risk infection (if untreated)?
|
25-30%
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Maternal HIV: increase risk transmission if:
-SVD or C/S? -ROM > ___h -what gestation? |
SVD
ROM >4h <37w |
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Mother w/unknown HIV risk --> would you perform newborn screen?
|
YES
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Neonatal HIV: see splenomeg?
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possibly
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TORCH: what stand for?
|
Toxo
Other: HIV, HBV, parvo, syph Rub CMV HSV-2 |
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Congenital toxo: how screen:
-0-6mo ->1yo |
0-6mo: infant IgM or IgA
>1yo: IgG |
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Does presence of maternal HBcAb predict risk transmit? HBsAg?
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HBcAb: no (could indic past infnx)
HBsAg: yes |
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Next step: presence of HBsAg in mother --> ?
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Give mother AND neonate:
1. HBV vaccine 2. HBIg |
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Detect via what test:
Maternal HIV |
PCR
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Congenital rubella: how test:
-0-6mo ->1yo |
0-6mo: IgM
1yo: IgG |
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Congenital CMV: how detect in neonate? next management step?
|
URINE CULTURE in weeks 0-3
(if pos --> routine hearing test) |
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Which congenital infection:
if positive --> routine hearing test |
CMV
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CMV:
-hearing loss abrupt or progressive? -occurs birth or 1yo? |
Progressive
Can occur birth OR up to 1yo (continuously monitor) |
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What dz:
Infant w/microcephaly, intracranial Ca2+, lissencephaly, rash |
congenital CMV
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CMV:
-what structure see Ca2+? -in/decrease # gyri? -assoc w/eye findings? |
Ca2+ esp in frontal horns of lat vents
Lissenceph: decrease gyri, increase cortex thickness Chorioretinitis |
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congenital CMV: how tx neonate?
|
Antivirals ONLY IF BABY IS IMMUNOCOMPROMISED
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Routine neonate meds:
-how admin vitamin K? -Erythro eye drops covers which STD? |
IM vitamin K
Gonococcus |
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Another name for:
Pediculosis capitis |
Lice
|
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Nits =
- firm or loose attach to hair shaft? |
egg CASES of lice
firm attach --> difficult to remove |
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What dz:
5-10mm linear lesions |
Scabies
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Scabies: related to cleanliness?
|
NO
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What dz:
SARCOPTES |
Scabies
(Sarcoptes scabiei) |
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Scabies: how acquire?
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Close contact
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Scabies: what causes itchiness? When is itching worst?
|
Laying of eggs (NOT mite bites)
Worse at night |
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Scabies: common locations?
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wrist
elbow finger toe |
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Scabies: how dx?
|
Scrape MULTIPLE lesions (burrows or papules) --> mineral oil --> light micro --> see mite, egg or FECAL PELLET
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What dz:
Diagnose by scraping lesion --> mineral oil --> see FECAL PELLETS |
Scabies
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What dz:
Scaling, cracks & fissures b/w toes |
Tinea pedis
|
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Tinea versicolor: infection with what form of fungus?
|
YEAST form
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Tinea versicolor: predisposed by excess HUMIDITY or DRYNESS?
|
humidity
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Tinea versicolor: do lesions have scale?
|
YES - fine scale
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What dz:
Lesion turns pink --> brown --> white; fine scale |
Tinea versicolor
|
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Tinea versicolor: how tx?
|
Selenium sulfide lotion
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Selenium sulfide lotion:
tx what dz? |
Tinea versicolor
|
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Tinea versicolor:
-recurrence common? -how long for pigment to normalize? |
Common
May take mos to return pigment to normal |
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Tinea capitis:
-How tx? (drug, duration) -2 alt txs |
SYSTEMIC griseofulvin (6-8w)
Alts: terbinafine, itraconazole |
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What is dz:
Skin lesions dx as eczema & treated w/steroids --> worse lesion |
TINEA
(misdx as eczema --> steroids worsen tinea) |
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Name for:
Allergic response --> inflamed, weepy boggy lesion |
Kerion
|
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Kerion: what is underlying mxn? HOW TX?
|
Allergic response --> inflammed, weepy boggy lesion
Tx: ORAL steroids |
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Which is more predictive of LT neuro outcomes:
Umbilical artery blood sample OR APGAR |
Umb art
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Perinatal asphyxia: detect via sampling which blood vessel in cord?
|
Umb ARTERY --> detect hypoxia, acidosis
(NOT vein) |
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GDM: predispose neonate to:
-hypo or hypergly? -hypo or hyperCa? |
Hypogly (due increased insulin)
HypoCa2+ |
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GDM: is neonate at increased risk of resp distress?
|
YES
|
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Fetal glucose: normally what fraction of maternal glucose?
|
2/3 maternal glucose
(glucose crosses placenta) |
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GOAL BLOOD GLUCOSE IN NEONATE
|
41-50
|
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Persistent pulmonary HTN of newborn:
-underlying etio -where does blood divert? |
Due elevated pulm vasc R
Blood divers through ductus arteriosus & PFO (bypasses lungs) |
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Persistent pulmonary HTN of neonate: presents with tachy/bradycardia?
|
Tachy
(also tachypnea) |
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Cyanotic newborn: order an O2 challenge test?
|
YES
|
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Acrocyanosis at birth:
-usu resolves after how long? -when start to suspect congenital HD? |
Usu resolves 4-5h
After 8h warming --> suspect congen HD |
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#1 etio respiratory distress in preterm
|
Resp Distress Syndrome (RDS)
aka Hyalien Membrane Dz |
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Respiratory Distress Syndrome in neonate:
underlying etio |
Surfactant deficiency
|
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Name for:
Neonatal dz caused by surfactant deficiency |
Respiratory distress syndrome
|
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Respiratory Distress Syndrome in neonate:
-genetic component? -M or F? -C/S or SVD? |
More common if siblings w/RDS
M > F C/S w/out labor > SVD |
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Respiratory Distress Syndrome in neonate:
If mother has GDM --> may see RDS in infant up until how many weeks gest? |
37
|
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Neonatal with resp distress: which is more common if healthy mother and gest >34w:
RDS or transient tachypnea of newborn |
TTN
|
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How distinguish (what test):
RDS vs. TTN |
CXR
RDS: air bronchograms, ground glass |
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What dz:
Newborn with resp distress & CXR w/bronchograms & ground glass |
RDS
|
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Transient tachypnea of newborn:
More common term or preterm? |
TERM !!!!
|
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Transient tachypnea of newborn:
Underlying etio |
Delayed fluid clearance
|
|
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Transient tachypnea of newborn:
Early or late onset? Mild or severe distress? |
Early onset, mild distress
|
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Transient tachypnea of newborn:
-M or F? -C/S or SVD? -micro or macrosomy |
M > F (same as RDS)
C/S (same as RDS) MACROSOMY (esp DM) |
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What dz:
Neonate w/resp distress & CXR w/perihilar streaking, coarse densities and WET LOOKING lungs |
TTN
(contrast RDS: bronchograms, ground glass) |
|
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TTN or RDS:
Male |
BOTH
|
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TTN or RDS:
Perihilar streaking |
TTN
|
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TTN or RDS:
Fluffy densities |
TTN
(contrast RDS: ground glass) |
|
|
TTN or RDS:
Lateral view shows fluid in pleural space, fissures |
TTN
|
|
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TTN or RDS:
WET LOOKING LUNGS |
TTN
|
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Pneumothorax:
More common in premie? |
YES
|
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Neonatal sepsis/PNA: assoc w/PROM?
|
Yes - may have subtle early findings like poor feed, lethargy
|
|
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Meconium aspiration: occurs when in birth process?
|
In utero
OR 1st breath |
|
|
TTN: expect to resolve after how long?
|
12h
|
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|
APGAR:
-how many categories? -points? |
5 categories - appear, pulse, grimace, activity, resp
2pts each |
|
|
Are low 1- & 5-min Apgars markers of intrapartum hypoxia?
|
NO - not conclusive
|
|
|
Which is better predictor of neonatal death:
1- or 5-min apgar |
5-min
(although best is umb art sample) |
|
|
What birthweight #s:
Extremely low bw |
<1,000 g
(contrast very low: 1k - 1,499) |
