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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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common presentation of ALL?
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bone & joint pain esp lower extremities
Sx of BM failure - pallor, bruising, epistaxis, petechiae, purpura, MM bleeding, LAD, HSM |
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How do you diagnose ALL?
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anemia, thrombocytopenia, rare leukemic cells, lymphoblasts
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How do you treat ALL?
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remission induction: vincristine, daunorubicine, prednisone
CNS: methotrexate |
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What are the complications of ALL?
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ICP, isolated CN palsies, testicular relapse, pneumocystis pneumonia
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What is ALL markers?
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CALLA & TdT
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What is tumor lysis syndrome?
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hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hypophosphetemia -> hypocalcemia
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16 yo weight loss, fever & night sweats, non-tender cervical LN
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hodgkin lymphoma
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Who gets hodgkin lymphoma?
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15-19 yo
EBV may predispose |
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what is the diagnostic hallmark of hodgkin lymphoma?
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reed-sternberg
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What are the 4 major subtypes of hodgkins lymphoma?
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lymphocytic predominant
nodular sclerosing mixed cellularity lymphocyte depleted |
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what is the presentation of hodgkin's lymphoma?
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painless cervical or supraclavicular nodes; anterior mediastinal mass
night sweats, fever, weight loss, lethargy, anorexia, puritus |
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What are the labs to test severity of non-hodgkin lymphoma?
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CXR, CBC, ESR, Ferritin, Copper, CT, BM
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what is non-hodgkin lymphoma?
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malignant proliferation of T & B cells
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What type of lymphoma is EBV impt in?
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burkitt lymphoma
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what are the 3 histologic types of non-hodgkin lymphoma?
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lymphoblastic - T - mediastinal
small noncleaved cell lymphoma - B large - T/B |
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what brain tumor do you get in 0-1 year?
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choroid plexus
teratomas |
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what brain tumor do you get in 2-10 year?
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juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma
medulloblastoma |
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what brain tumor do you get in >10 years?
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diffuse astrocytoma
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a 10 yo child has new onset sz, 1 mo history of HA & widebased gait
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benign astrocytoma
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What is benign astrocytoma?
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MC - low grade, rarely invasive
found in cerebellum - juvenille pilocytic astrocytoma |
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What is malignant astrocytoma?
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giloblastoma multiforme - poor outcome
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What can medulloblastoma cause?
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4th ventricle obstruction -> hydrocephalus
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Who gets medulloblastoma?
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males 5-7 yo
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where do you get medulloblastoma?
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midline cerebellar vermis
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What do you see with brain stem tumors?
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motor weakness, CN defects, ICP
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Where do you find ependymomas?
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posterior fossa
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What are ependymomas?
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well circumscribed, non invasive
lining of ventricles! |
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what are findings in craniopharyngioma?
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suprasellar - minimally invasive
calcifications |
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What is the major morbidity of craniopharyngioma?
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panhypopituitarism, growth failure, visual loss
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what is the most frequent tumor of optic nerve?
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optic nerve glioma
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what are the symptoms of optic nerve glioma?
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unilateral visual loss, proptosis, eye deviation, optic atrophy, strabismus, nystagmus
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What has increased incidence with optic nerve glioma?
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neurofibromatosis
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What is wilms tumor associated with?
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hemihypertrophy, anirida, GU abnormalities
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2 yo is brought in with bluish skin nodules, periorbital proptosis, periorbital ecchymosis that developed over last 2 days. there is a smooth abdominal mass.
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Neuroblastoma
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What is neuroblastoma due to?
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NC cells due to N-myc at any site
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what can pts with neuroblastoma present with?
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ataxia, opsomyoclonus (dancing eyes & dancing feet)
horner syndrome |
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what is the signs of neuroblastoma?
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firm palpable mass, painful, calcification & hemorrhage
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what do you find elevated in urine with neuroblastoma?
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homovanillic acid & vanillylmandelic acid
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What is pheochromocytoma?
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catecholamine secreting tumor
MC in adrenal medulla |
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What is pheochromocytoma assoicated with?
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neurofibromatosis, MEN 2A, MEN 2B, tuberous sclerosis, sturge weber, ataxia telangiectasia
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What is the presentation of pheochromocytoma?
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episodic HTN, hypermetabolic state, papilledema, hemorrhages, exudate
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What are the sites for rhabdomyosarcoma?
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head & neck, genitourinary tract, extremities
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