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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a "cortical desmoid"?
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Distal femoral metaphyseal irregularity. Occurs in early teen boys along the posteromedial aspect of the femoral metaphysis.
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What additional imaging can be done if a cortical desmoid is suspected?
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They often occur bilaterally, so an xray of the contralateral knee may be helpful. CT will show scoop like lesion.
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Non bony finding that can indicate fracture of the distal forearm or wrist
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Displacement of the pronator fat pad.
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Most common elbow fracture in peds patient?
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Supracondylar
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CRITOE - why is it important
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Knowing the sequential order of ossification can help determine the difference between an ossicle and an avulsion fracture.
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Why are adolescents more prone to avulsion fractures?
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Strength, activity and immature bones.
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Patellar equivalent of Osgood-Schlatter
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Singid-Larsen-Johansen
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Multiple fractures in child. No abuse
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Osteogenesis imperfecta and Menkes syndrome. These are associated with osteopenia and wormian bones.
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Differential for periosteal reaction in a newborn?
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Abuse
Prostaglandins Caffey disease Neuroblastoma Torch infections Normal physiology |
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Metaphyseal fraying of long bones associated with which Torch infection?
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Rubella - celery stalking
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Most specific xray sign of congenital syphillis?
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Wimberger's sign - lucency at the medial corner of the proximal tibial metaphysis. Other findings include periosteal reaction and lucent tibial metaphyseal bands.
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What is Caffey disease?
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Infantile cortical hyperostosis - periostitis with adjacent soft tissue swelling.
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Subtypes of LCH (3)?
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Letterer-Siwe - Acute disseminated. Occurs in < 1 yr old. Fatal within 1-2 years.
Hand-Schuller-Christian - Chronic systemic. 3-6 years. High morbidity. EG (most common) - Disease confined to bone or lung. Excellent prognosis. |
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Appearance, location, demographic for Ewings?
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Aggressive lucent lesion with periosteal new bone formation.
Femur/pelvis most common. Occurs in second decade. |
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Focal sclerotic lesions in children (4)?
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Osteoid osteoma
Chronic osteomyelitis Stress fracture Osteosarcoma |
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Horizontal lucency in metaphysis?
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Leukemia.
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Most common mets in osteosarcoma?
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Lung.
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Why should the complete involved bone be imaged if osteosarcoma is involved?
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Possibility of skip lesions.
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Typical skeletal abnormalities in muccopolysacharridoses?
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Ribs
Anterior vertebral body beaking. |
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Osteogenesis imperfecta is an abnormality with which type of collagen?
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I
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Physiologic abnormality in osteopetrosis?
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Defective osteoclasts.
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Hematologic problems associated with osteopetrosis, why?
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Pancytopenia. Bone abnormalities decrease marrow space and leave little room for cell production.
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Multifocal bone lesions in children (7)?
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Multifocal osteomyelitis
LCH Mets Multiple hereditary exostoses (osteochondromatosis) Enchondromatosis (Ollier/Mafucci) Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia Neurofibromatosis |
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Difference between Ollier/Mafucci
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Mafucci has phleboliths present.
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McCune-Albright syndrome?
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Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Skin pigmentation Endocrine abnormalities |
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General difference between rhizomelic, mesomelic and acromelic dysplasia?
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rhizo - shortening of proximal bones
meso - shortening of middle bones acro - shortening of distal bones |
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Normal alpha angle?
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> 60
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