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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What pt types is the AIMs used for?
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Typically developing, at risk, low tone, premature, and developmentally delayed of unknown cause
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Ages for AIMs
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0 to walking (usually about 18 months)
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Who is the AIMs not indicated for?
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Older children whose mo. skills are <18 months
Children with severe mo. impairment and abnormal patterns of movt Kids with tone b/c lack of quality of movt Kids with known diagnosis (CP, downs) |
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Purposes of the AIMs
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Norm referenced looking at gross motor development & quality of mvmt (not fine motor skills)
Compare kid's score to norm values to identify delays Not good at identifying changes over time (b/c norm-referenced) Can be used to monitor progress, bu can't tell you if PT is the cause |
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What training does the evaluator need to administer the AIMs?
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No special trng req'd
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Materials needed to do the AIMs
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Mats, carpets, toys
Stable chair/table for pull to stand |
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Time req'd for administration/scoring of AIMs? All in one session?
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20-30 mins
If all items not observed/scored at initial session, re-test and finish scoring within 1 week period |
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Reliability and validity of AIMs
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80-90% inter and intra-rater reliability
Validity good too--but not as valid for atypical kids |
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Sensitivity/specificity for AIMs at 4 mo and 8 mo
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4 mo SN = 77, SP = 82
8 mo SN = 86, SN = 93 More specific than sensitive, and better when kids are a lil' older |
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How can we get child to move during AIMs?
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No hands-on, all observation (cannot assist or facilitate mvmt)
Can involve mom to shake rattle to try to get them to roll/move--also cue them verbally Get clothes off |
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How do we calculate age for the AIMs?
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Find the chronological age and then adjust for premature if born < 37 months and use 40 months to find weeks pre-mee.
38-42 weeks is normal term with average being 40 weeks |
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What is the starting point and sequence of exam for AIMs
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Where-ever kid wants, and just check em' off
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How do you "mark" items for the AIMs
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Make a window of observed behaviros from least to most mature
Each item seen in that window gets an "O" for observed |
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How do you score the AIMs?
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1 point for each behavior observed in window, and automatic 1 point for each item below window
All key descriptors must be met Cannot use parent report or examiner assumption but make note of this |
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Subscale score and total score for AIMs
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Subscale = for each position
Total score = add up all 4 positions and use the percentile ranks graph to assess |
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What does the Peabody evaluate and what does it include?
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Gross and fine motor skills
Examination instrument and a motor activities program |
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Pt types and ages for Peabody
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Typical and atypical developmen
They say it can be used with known dx, but Janice says No 0-6 yo, but ya ain't getting no 3 mo. baby to do this shit |
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Purposed of Peabody?
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Norm-ref'd. Best at identifying atypical development
Often used in research as an outcome measure Does not show change over time since it's norm-referenced Very standardized, specific, step-by-step test which makes it difficult to repeat multiple times |
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Evaluator trng for Peabody?
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No special certifiation needed
Knowledge of mo. development, general test principles, test statistics, and practice with the PDMS2 is rec'd |
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Materials needed for Peabody?
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For GM section: rattle, toy on string, soft pulsh toy, stop watch, stairs, 8 in ball, 2 in. wide masking tape, tape measure, 4-5 ft of rope, empty beer can, rope tied 2 in above ground for child to jump over, tennis ball
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Time for administration for Peabody
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45-60 mins, 20-30 each for FM and GM (yaaa right)
Can be broken into shorter sessions based on abilities of child but recommend completion within 5 days |
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Psychometrics of Peabody
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80-90% reliability/validitiy
Good sensitivity/specificity |
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Weakness of Peabody
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Gaps (ie. pages 4-5 of stationary scaled goes from kneeling to standing)
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6 subtests of Peabody
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Reflexes (birth to 11 mo)
Stationary (all children) Locomotion (all children) Object manip (>12 mo old) Grasping (fine mo) Visual-mo. integration (fine mo) |
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What does the stationary subset of the Peabody include?
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Ability to sustain control of body within center of gravity
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What does the obj manip subtest of the Peabody measure?
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Ability to manipulate a ball; throwing, catching, kicking
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What is the GMQ, FMQ, and TMQ?
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GM quotient: composite of 3 of 4 GM subtests
FM quotient: composite of grasping and visual- mo. integration TMQ: Combo of GM and FM quotients |
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General instructions for Peabody?
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Minimize distractions
Parents can observe, but NOT involved No cues, no saying good job, just stare at child blankly |
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Entry point for Peabody?
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According to age for each of the 4 sections -- place where 75% of kids can perform that skill
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Basal level for Peabody?
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Point were you get 3 items in a row with a score of 2. This is the highest and most 2's in a row. So you keep going til you get a 1 or 0, and the last three 2's was your basal level.
May have to backtrack if kid can't get 3 in a row from where you stared |
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How many trials for Peabody?
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3. Score the best one even if first trial sucked
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Can you adapt the Peabody at all?
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For disabilities, ie. hearing impaired you can demonstrate them all
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What is the ending point for the Peabody?
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3 items in a row with a score of 0.. can end up pretty spread out if the kid gets lots of 1's
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What does a score of 2, 1, and 0 mean on the Peabody?
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2 = perfecto
1 = Performance resembles mastery but doesn't meet all criteria 0 = cannot/will not attempt item or performance looks nothing like what they'er supposed to do |
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Scoring for Peabody
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All items below basal level receive score of 2
All items above ceiling level receive a score of 0 |
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What comments can you record in the "Record comments" secion on the Peabody
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Child interest/lack of interest
PT thoughts if kid could do better Ability to follow directions Quality of mvmt, smoothness, lack of follow through, overshooting Non-verbal communication by the child Self corrections or preferences of the child (always used one hand or foot) |
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How do you record age for Peabody?
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To nearest month and always round down
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How do you find the "age equivalent score" for the Peabody
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Converted from raw score (total points accumulated in each subset) using Appendix C
Not used statistically, but easier for parents to understand |
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How do you find the "percentile score" for the Peabody
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Generated for subtests and quotients using Appendixes A and B
Appendix A must go to the age of teh child to figure it out Recommended to be used & shared with parents Bottom quartile and top quartile are outliers so you're looking for scores bt 25-75% |
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What is the "standard score" for the Peabody?
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AKA scale score, based on distributin of 10 and SD of 3
8-12 is normal Converted from raw scores useing Appendix A.1-A.37 Scores are put into a bell curve |
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What is "quotients" for the Peabody
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Sum of subtest standard scores converted to quotiens for GM, FMand total mo. abilities/development using Appendix B
Normal = 90-110 |
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Peabody - Appendix A
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To convert subtest raw scores to Percentiles and Standard Scores
Add subtest together (ie. object manipulation), go to the appropriate age, and it will show you the standard score and percentile |
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Peabody - Appendix B
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Percentile score based on quotients
This will convert sum of subtest standard scores to quotients for GM, FM, and total motor |
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How do you use Appendix A and B together for the Peabody?
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Look up the standard scores in Appendix A
Add up the standard scores and look up the number in Appendix B to find their quotients |
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What is a common problem with developmental tests
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They have increased specificity resulting in more conditions being ruled in-- so we over treat conditions--better than undertreating
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What is chronological age
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Include months & weeks
Always round down with weeks (20 days would be two weeks old) |
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What is corrected age
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Subtract months if premature that they were supposed to be in utero
Adjust for prematurity up to age 2 If child is born late you dont add on days--only correct for premature |
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What does the Locomotion subset of the Peabody measure
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Measures ability to move/transition:
1. Crawling 2. Walking 3. Running 4. Jumping 5. Hopping |
