Peds Ch 41 Cardiovascular

Front 1

Newborns & infants w/ heart disease are commonly brought to ED for what?

Back 1

Child is having difficulty feeding.

Front 2

During open heart surgery in child, where will chest tubes be and drain what?

Back 2

1. Upper draining air

2. Lower draining fluid

Front 3

Rejection after cardiac transplant can occur in what forms?

Back 3

Hyperacute
Acute
Chronic

Front 4

Cardiomyopothy

Back 4

Structural or functional abnormality of the ventricular myocardium that occurs after an infection & results in severe dilation of the left or both ventricles.

Front 5

What is the most frequent cause of cardiac arrest in a child?

Back 5

Respiratory Failure

Front 6

What is the first sign of CHF in a kid?

Back 6

Tachycardia

Front 7

Endocarditis
Dyslipidemia
Polycythemia

Back 7

Endocarditis = infection of the valves of the heart, generally caused by strep.

Dyslipidemia = condition involving increased fatty acid level in the blood.

Polycythemia = an extreme increase in RBC's in an attempt to increase tissue oxygenation.

Front 8

Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Postperfusion Syndrome
Chest Radiography

Back 8

Patent Ductus Arteriosus = left-to-right shunting of blood due to connection of the pulmonary artery to the aorta.

Postperfusion Syndrome = fever, splenomegaly, general malaise, and a maculopapular rash that occurs after open heart surgery.

Chest Radiography = study that furnishes an accurate picture of the heart size & contour & size of the heart chambers.

Front 9

Atrial Septal Defect
Phonocardiography
Echocardiography

Back 9

Atrial Septal Defect = abnormal communication between the two atria where blood flows from left to right.

Phonocardiography = a diagram of heart sounds translated into electrical energy by a microphone placed on the child's chest.

Echocardiography = an ultrasound produced by high-frequency sound waves used to locate & study the movements & dimensions of cardiac structures.

Front 10

Pulmonic Stenosis
Truncus Arteriosus
Heart Failure

Back 10

Pulmonic Stenosis = condition that involves a narrowing of the pulmonary valve.

Truncus Arteriosus = one major artery arises from the left & right ventricles instead of separate vessels.

Heart Failure = condition resulting when the myocardium of the heart cannot circulate & pump enough blood to supply the tissues of the body.

Front 11

Kawasaki Disease
Calcium Chloride
Rheumatic Fever

Back 11

Kawasaki Disease = condition resulting when the myocardium of the heart cannot circulate & pump enough blood to supply the tissues of the body.

Calcium Chloride = agent used to increased heart contractility, possibly in place of epinephrine; contraindication for patients with digitalis toxicity.

Rheumatic Fever = autoimmune condition that typically results manifested a wide pulse pressure and systolic-diastolic murmur.

Front 12

Acyanotic Heart Disease
Afterload
Balloon Angioplasty

Back 12

Acyanotic Heart Disease = heart or circulatory anomalies that involve either a stricture to the flow of blood or a shunt that moves blood from the arterial to the venous system (L-t-R shunt)

Afterload = the resistance against which the cardiac ventricles must pump.

Balloon Angioplasty = procedure by way of cardiac catheterization. balloon tip is inserted to stenosed valve. balloon inflated, it breaks valve adhesions and may relieve stenosis.

Front 13

Cardiac Catheterization
CHF
Contractility

Back 13

Cardiac Catheterization = small radiopaque cath is passed through major vein in the arm, leg/neck into the heart to secure blood samples or inject dye to evaluate cardiac function.

CHF = myocardium of the heart cannot pump & circulate enough blood.

Contractility = ability of the ventricles to stretch

Front 14

Cyanotic Heart Disease

Back 14

Cyanotic Heart Disease = blood is shunted fromt eh venous to the arterial system as the result of abnormal communication between the two. (R-t-L shunting)

Front 15

Innocent Heart Murmur
Organic Heart Murmur

Back 15

Innocent Heart Murmur = heart murmur of no significance.

Organic Heart Murmur = murmur occurring as the result of heart disease or a congenital defect.