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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the benefit's of heating and humidifying anesthetic gases
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- prevention of intraop hypothermia
- Decreased atelectasis - Improved muco-ciliary clearance |
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What is a way to further increase humidification besides using a heater or HME
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you can decrease FGF which will increase rebreathing
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A decrease in ______degree's Celcius in the environmental temp is sufficient to double oxygen consumption in a full term infant
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2 degrees C
* to meet demand, must double it's minute ventilation |
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The rate of heat loss in the infant is _____ x that of an adult
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4 x's
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What are 3 methods of conserving heat
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- forced warm air device
- wrapping and draping - humidification |
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which breathing circuits have a reservoir bag.
a. open b. Semi-open c. Semi-closed d. closed |
b, c, d
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Which breathing systems do "not" allow rebreathing
a. open b. semi-open c. semi-closed d. closed |
a, b
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Which breathing system has a reservoir but does not allow rebreathing
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semi-open
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Which two breathing systems allow for either partial or complete rebreathing
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semi-closed and closed
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What is the difference between semi-open and semi-closed breathing systems
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semi-open: FGF increased (>Ve)
semi-closed: Low FGF (<Ve) |
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What are the advantages of Open systems
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- no artificial airway resistance
- no increase in dead space |
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What are the disadvantages of open systems
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- loss of heat and humidity
- poor scavenging - can't control ventilation |
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What is the order in which the mapleson circuits are less likely to produce rebreathing during spon. ventilation
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All Dogs Can Bite
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What is the order in which the mapleson circuits are less likely to produce rebreathing during controlled ventilation
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Dog Bites Can Ache
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What are the advantages of the Semi-Open sytems
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-low resistance to spont. vent
-small dead space |
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What are the disadvantages of semi-open systems
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- loss of heat and humidity
- poor scavenging -* high fresh gas flows to prevent rebreathing |
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What are the advantages of the semi-closed (circle) systems
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-conservation of heat and humidity
- good scavenging |
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What are the disadvantages to the semi-closed system
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- more resistance to spont vent
- bulkier - valves may malfunction |
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What are the advantages to the closed systems (circle system at low FGF)
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- Max conservation of heat and humidity
-low pollution -economical |
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What are the disadvantages of the closed systems
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- anesthetic concentration can not be rapidly changed and can be uncertained
- hypoxia d/t decrease concentration of O2 in relation with N2O |
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What is considered to be the best pediatric circuits
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Bain Circuit ( semi-open)
Circle system ( semi-closed) |
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Soda lime CO2 absorbers have which of the following:
a. barium hydroxide b. calcium hydroxide c. sodium hydroxide d. potassium hydroxide |
b, c,d
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Bara lime CO2 absorbers have which of the following:
a. calcium hydroxide b. sodium hydroxide c. barium hydroxide |
a, c
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What size blade would you use for the ages of 1 month to 2 years:
miller mac |
Miller = size 1
Mac: 1-12 months = 1 1-2 yrs = 2 |
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What size blade would you use for the 2-6 year old range
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mill 2 and mac 2
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What size blade would you use for the 6-12 year old range
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miller 2
mac 3 |
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What size blade would you use for the premature neonate
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miller 0
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What size blade would you use for the term infant
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Miller 0-1
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