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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the life cycle of lice ? |
-Start off as nymphs --> adult louse (10 days) --> female lays 5-10 eggs --> eggs hatch (6-10 days) --> repeat - |
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How are lice transmitted? |
Requires direct contact to transfer (don't jump) --> head-to-head, beds,towels, combs,hats
-mainly young children |
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What is the difference between nits and lice? |
Lice = free and crawl on scalp Nits = eggs -laid closely to scalp (for new case), don't wash out attached to hair -starts at back of neck |
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Treatment for head lice - GBH/lindaine |
-original = Kwellada -no longer on the market (was used in scabies --> ingested by children = toxicity) -original insecticide = pediculocide |
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Treatment for head lice - Pyrethrins/pb |
- R&C (pb = chemical --> synergistic effect with pyrethrins) -plant extract (safer than GBH) = pediculocide directions: -apply to dry hair -shampoo for 10 min -not good on egg, requires repeat after 7 days -R&C II used for pillows,sheets |
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Treatments for head lice - Permethrin 1% |
- synthetic pyrethroid (Kwellada-P, Nix) = pediculocide directions: -wash hair with regular shampoo -add creme rinse x 10 min -rinse out -repeats not needed, half-life long enough that drug remains in hair BUT best to repeat anyways (reduces need for nit removal) |
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What are some non-pediculocide treatment options for head lice? |
Physical agents - -Resultz (isopropyl myristate) -Lice MD (dimethicone) -Zap (coconut/anise oil) |
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What is perhaps the most important non-insecticide head-lice treatment? |
Nyda (active ingredient = dimethicone) -penetrates lice/egg's breathing system --> death after 58 sec Directions: -apply to dry hair roots --> 30 min contact -comb out the nits -leave product for 8 hr contact -re-check (repeat if necessary) after 8-10 days |
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Lice treatment with insecticides-what happens if after treatment, lice can still be found after 24 - 48 hrs? |
Repeat treatment with a different product b/c of resistance |
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What are some methods for home control of lice ? |
-lice require host to survive --> can wash clothes/bedding/hats/toys with hot water (washer machine) -dipping combs in vinegar negates effects of nix -don't treat blindly with pediculocides -Nyda can be used for prophylactic treatment |
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What are scabies? |
not on skin -latch on to seams of clothing and bite through --> requires absolute washing of clothes |
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Can pubic lice be treated the same way as head lice? |
- most pediculocides can be used (not indicated for) only one that is --> pyrethrins/pb (R&C) -most of the physical agents (non-pediculosides) can be used for Tx of pubic lice |
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Scabies |
-burrow into the skin and deposit eggs along the way -transmitted via direct contact and via bedding/clothing |
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How to treat scabies? |
-want to treat head-to-toe use premethrin 5% (head lice was 1%) cream/lotion --> tell patient the itch will persist for a few weeks Want to blindly treat when it comes to scabies (opp of head lice) |
